Improvement in the quality of black phosphorus by selecting a mineralizer

Abstract

BP grown using lead instead of tin as the mineralizer exhibits better properties, which are beneficial for its applications.

Layer Dependence of Dielectric Response and Water-Enhanced Ambient Degradation of Highly Anisotropic Black As

“…It should be noted that some flakes have a planar defect composed of a few-atomsthick Pb, which is likely formed during synthesis of BAs crystals (see SI Figure S2). 38,39 All other experiments and analysis, except for the one shown in SI Figure S2, were performed using defect-free BAs flakes. S3 for details of image noise reduction).…”

“…It should be noted that some flakes have a planar defect composed of a-few-atom-thick Pb, which is likely formed during synthesis of BAs crystal (see SI Figure S2). 38, 39 All other experiments and analysis, except for the one shown in SI Figure S2, were performed using defectfree BAs flakes. which is based on the Multislice method.21 Good agreement between the two, as shown in Figure 1c, confirms the assignments of the imaging directions (major: [010] (①), [001] (②) and [100] (③); minor: [110] (④) and [101] (⑤)).…”

Fabrication of Doped Black Phosphorus Crystal by the Chemical Vapor Transport Method

“…BP has six Raman active vibration modes, but only three are allowed in the commonly adopted backscattering geometry. − In Figure a, three Raman active vibration peaks located at 361.66, 439.00, and 466.72 cm –1 were observed in pristine BP and doped BP, which matches with the A g 1 , B 2g , and A g 2 vibrational modes of pristine BP, respectively. Among them, A g 1 is primarily an out-of-plane vibration mode, B 2g is the vibration mode in the zigzag direction, and A g 2 is the vibration mode in the armchair direction. − The coexistence of these Raman peaks is an obvious feature of orthorhombic BP, indicating that doped BP also belongs to the orthorhombic system as well as BP. The biggest difference lies in Figure b, two new peaks are marked as the edge phonon vibrational modes of BP that appeared at 193.85 and 229.29 cm –1 after doping, which belong to B 1g and B 3g 1 forbidden in pristine BP, , respectively.…”

Chemical vapor transport growth of bulk black phosphorus single crystals

“…Wang and co-worker have claimed that the Pb/I 2 / red-P reaction system gives a good quality BP as compared with the Sn/I 2 /red-P reaction system. 60 Although different reaction systems with a variety of metals (or alloys) and halogen additives have been tested, Sn and I element containing reaction systems (Sn-I assisted) are generally used for the growth of bulk BP crystals of high quality. A lot of effort has been made to unveil the mechanism of BP growth in the Sn-I assisted system.…”