Improvement of a Yairipok Chujak Maize Landrace from North Eastern Himalayan Region for β-Carotene Content through Molecular Marker-Assisted Backcross Breeding

Qutub, Maqbool; Chandran, Sarankumar; Rathinavel, K.; Vellaikumar, S.; Ravikesavan, R.; Manickam, S.; Karthikeyan, Adhimoolam; Muniyandi, Samuel Jeberson; Senthil, N.

doi:10.3390/genes12050762

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Using omics techniques, it is feasible to comprehend the genes and metabolic pathways involved in nutrient uptake or biosynthesis, absorption, transport, assimilation, and storage ( Zenda et al., 2021 ). For instance, a metabolic technique has been carried out to target carotenoid biosynthesis pathways and maximize the level of b-carotene in crops (rice, maize, and potato) considering that beta carotene and carotenoids are the primary precursors to vitamin A ( Qutub et al., 2021 ; Sharma et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Challenges and Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-omics revolution to promote plant breeding efficiency

Mahmood

Li²,

Fan³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Crop production is the primary goal of agricultural activities, which is always taken into consideration. However, global agricultural systems are coming under increasing pressure from the rising food demand of the rapidly growing world population and changing climate. To address these issues, improving high-yield and climate-resilient related-traits in crop breeding is an effective strategy. In recent years, advances in omics techniques, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, paved the way for accelerating plant/crop breeding to cope with the changing climate and enhance food production. Optimized omics and phenotypic plasticity platform integration, exploited by evolving machine learning algorithms will aid in the development of biological interpretations for complex crop traits. The precise and progressive assembly of desire alleles using precise genome editing approaches and enhanced breeding strategies would enable future crops to excel in combating the changing climates. Furthermore, plant breeding and genetic engineering ensures an exclusive approach to developing nutrient sufficient and climate-resilient crops, the productivity of which can sustainably and adequately meet the world’s food, nutrition, and energy needs. This review provides an overview of how the integration of omics approaches could be exploited to select crop varieties with desired traits.

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Section: Challenges and Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-omics revolution to promote plant breeding efficiency

Mahmood

Li²,

Fan³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…In other words, GAB is facilitated by the identification of molecular genomic markers linked to QTLs or genes underlying agronomic traits of interest, which are then utilized as useful tools for molecular breeding ( Singh R.K. et al, 2020 ; Sinha et al, 2021 ). To that end, several GAB approaches have been deployed in various crop improvement programs, including marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) to enhance β-carotene content in maize ( Qutub et al, 2021 ); marker-assisted recurrent selection (MARS) to improve crown rot ( Fusarium pseudograminearum ) resistance in bread wheat ( Rahman et al, 2020 ) and pod shattering resistance in soybean ( Kim et al, 2020 ); as well as genomic selection (GS) to improve rice blast ( Magnaporthe oryzae ) resistance ( Huang et al, 2019 ) and maize drought tolerance ( Shikha et al, 2017 ). Meanwhile, molecular marker based applications such as gene linkage and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping have become more feasible owing to the recent advances in genotyping platforms and statistical genomics ( Kulwal, 2018 ).…”

Section: Genomics and Pan-genomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, metabolomics approaches have been used to target carotenoid biosynthesis pathways (since carotenoids and β-carotene are the primary precursors of vitamin A) and to perform metabolic engineering aimed at increasing β-carotene levels in crops such as rice, maize and potato (reviewed in Sharma V. et al, 2021 ). Besides, nutritional quality has been improved in maize landraces by enhancing β-carotene content via MABC ( Qutub et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Omics Facilitated Crop Improvement For Nutritive Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omics-Facilitated Crop Improvement for Climate Resilience and Superior Nutritive Value

et al. 2021

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Novel crop improvement approaches, including those that facilitate for the exploitation of crop wild relatives and underutilized species harboring the much-needed natural allelic variation are indispensable if we are to develop climate-smart crops with enhanced abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, higher nutritive value, and superior traits of agronomic importance. Top among these approaches are the “omics” technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, phenomics, and their integration, whose deployment has been vital in revealing several key genes, proteins and metabolic pathways underlying numerous traits of agronomic importance, and aiding marker-assisted breeding in major crop species. Here, citing several relevant examples, we appraise our understanding on the recent developments in omics technologies and how they are driving our quest to breed climate resilient crops. Large-scale genome resequencing, pan-genomes and genome-wide association studies are aiding the identification and analysis of species-level genome variations, whilst RNA-sequencing driven transcriptomics has provided unprecedented opportunities for conducting crop abiotic and biotic stress response studies. Meanwhile, single cell transcriptomics is slowly becoming an indispensable tool for decoding cell-specific stress responses, although several technical and experimental design challenges still need to be resolved. Additionally, the refinement of the conventional techniques and advent of modern, high-resolution proteomics technologies necessitated a gradual shift from the general descriptive studies of plant protein abundances to large scale analysis of protein-metabolite interactions. Especially, metabolomics is currently receiving special attention, owing to the role metabolites play as metabolic intermediates and close links to the phenotypic expression. Further, high throughput phenomics applications are driving the targeting of new research domains such as root system architecture analysis, and exploration of plant root-associated microbes for improved crop health and climate resilience. Overall, coupling these multi-omics technologies to modern plant breeding and genetic engineering methods ensures an all-encompassing approach to developing nutritionally-rich and climate-smart crops whose productivity can sustainably and sufficiently meet the current and future food, nutrition and energy demands.

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“…GAB has been successfully used in diverse crop improvement programs, including MABC and MARS, to improve carotene content in maize and crown rot in bread wheat, respectively [18]. Additionally, GAB has proved important in boosting not just stress resilience but also quality attributes in agronomically significant crops, including wheat, rice, barley, and others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomics-Assisted Breeding: A Powerful Breeding Approach for Improving Plant Growth and Stress Resilience

Tyagi,

Mir,

Almalki

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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Climate change biotic and abiotic stressors lead to unpredictable crop yield losses, threatening global food and nutritional security. In the past, traditional breeding has been instrumental in fulfilling food demand; however, owing to its low efficiency, dependence on environmental conditions, labor intensity, and time consumption, it fails to maintain global food demand in the face of a rapidly changing environment and an expanding population. In this regard, plant breeders need to integrate multiple disciplines and technologies, such as genotyping, phenotyping, and envirotyping, in order to produce stress-resilient and high-yielding crops in a shorter time. With the technological revolution, plant breeding has undergone various reformations, for example, artificial selection breeding, hybrid breeding, molecular breeding, and precise breeding, which have been instrumental in developing high-yielding and stress-resilient crops in modern agriculture. Marker-assisted selection, also known as marker-assisted breeding, emerged as a game changer in modern breeding and has evolved over time into genomics-assisted breeding (GAB). It involves genomic information of crops to speed up plant breeding in order to develop stress-resilient and high-yielding crops. The combination of speed breeding with genomic and phenomic resources enabled the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs)/genes quickly, thereby accelerating crop improvement efforts. In this review, we provided an update on rapid advancement in molecular plant breeding, mainly GAB, for efficient crop improvements. We also highlighted the importance of GAB for improving biotic and abiotic stress tolerance as well as crop productivity in different crop systems. Finally, we discussed how the expansion of GAB to omics-assisted breeding (OAB) will contribute to the development of future resilient crops.

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Improvement of a Yairipok Chujak Maize Landrace from North Eastern Himalayan Region for β-Carotene Content through Molecular Marker-Assisted Backcross Breeding

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Multi-omics revolution to promote plant breeding efficiency

Multi-omics revolution to promote plant breeding efficiency

Omics-Facilitated Crop Improvement for Climate Resilience and Superior Nutritive Value

Genomics-Assisted Breeding: A Powerful Breeding Approach for Improving Plant Growth and Stress Resilience

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