Improvement of Carbamazepine Degradation by a Three-Dimensional Electrochemical (3-EC) Process

Alighardashi, Abolghasem; Aghta, Rasoul Shabani; Ebrahimzadeh, Homeira

doi:10.1007/s41742-018-0102-2

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Studies verify the performance of three-dimensional (3D) was much better, more cost-effective, and saved more energy than traditional two-dimensional (2D). The highest efficiency was recorded in the 3D process for removing carbamazepine compared to a 2D electrochemical process [68]. Furthermore, using a 3D electrode reactor to treat estriol, in batch mode, exhibited reaction rate per unit area was significantly higher and lower energy consumption than conventional 2D electrode…”

Section: Dsamentioning

confidence: 95%

Recent Trends in Removal Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products by Electrochemical Oxidation and Combined Systems

Dao

Yang

Chen

et al. 2020

Water

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Due to various potential toxicological threats to living organisms even at low concentrations, pharmaceuticals and personal care products in natural water are seen as an emerging environmental issue. The low efficiency of removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products by conventional wastewater treatment plants calls for more efficient technology. Research on advanced oxidation processes has recently become a hot topic as it has been shown that these technologies can effectively oxidize most organic contaminants to inorganic carbon through mineralization. Among the advanced oxidation processes, the electrochemical advanced oxidation processes and, in general, electrochemical oxidation or anodic oxidation have shown good prospects at the lab-scale for the elimination of contamination caused by the presence of residual pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aqueous systems. This paper reviewed the effectiveness of electrochemical oxidation in removing pharmaceuticals and personal care products from liquid solutions, alone or in combination with other treatment processes, in the last 10 years. Reactor designs and configurations, electrode materials, operational factors (initial concentration, supporting electrolytes, current density, temperature, pH, stirring rate, electrode spacing, and fluid velocity) were also investigated.

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Section: Dsamentioning

confidence: 95%

Recent Trends in Removal Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products by Electrochemical Oxidation and Combined Systems

Dao

Yang

Chen

et al. 2020

Water

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“…Recently, biochars (waste biomass pyrolysis products) have drawn attention as alternative adsorbents to activated carbon due to their physicochemical properties and widespread availability [33]. Besides adsorption, electrochemical processes have gained increasing interest in recent years to treat polluted waters, and were applied by Alighardashi et al [34] to remove CBZ from wastewaters. Electrochemical systems offer several advantages, such as simple operation (at ambient temperature and pressure), robust performance, the capability to adjust to variations in the influent composition and flow rate [35], and viability in degrading nonbiodegradable pollutants [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The removal of pollutants in 3D systems is 10-50% higher than in 2D systems, while simultaneously reducing energy consumption [35]. Alighardashi et al [34] applied a 3D electrochemical process for CBZ degradation employing two aluminum electrodes, as both anode and cathode, and powdered activated carbon as the particulate electrode, achieving a removal efficiency of 89.8%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for the Removal of Carbamazepine

et al. 2021

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The scientific community is increasingly concerned about the presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment, which is a consequence of their high consumption and inefficient removal by wastewater-treatment plants. The search for an effective and sustainable tertiary treatment is therefore needed to enhance their removal. For this purpose, the combination of electrochemical and adsorption processes into three-dimensional (3D) electrochemical systems has been proposed. In this study, a 3D system was studied to remove carbamazepine, an antiepileptic, consumed in high doses and very persistent in the environment. The influences of the following parameters on its removal were evaluated: anode and cathode materials and distance between them, electrolyte (NaCl) concentration and pH, and the (carbon-based) adsorbent material used as the particulate electrode. The obtained results demonstrated that the introduction of the particulate electrode improved the removal efficiency. This can be attributed to the simultaneous occurrence of different phenomena, such as adsorption/electrosorption, electrocoagulation, oxidation, and catalytic degradation.

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“…The traditional 2D electrochemical reactor, including cathodes and anodes, has the mass transfer limitation and the low area-volume ratio [20][21][22]. On the other hand, 3D electrochemical reactor promotes the mass transfer efficiency, current efficiency, and decreases the energy consumption, whereas relatively low cyclic stability is still an issue [23][24][25].During the process of pollutants oxidization in the 2D reactor, the DSA electrode became inactive due to corrosion and the coatings dispersed in solution that also cannot be recycled, which result in serious material waste [26]. In our previous work [27,28], a new electrolytic cell type named 2.5D electrode system was proposed, as shown in Scheme 1.…”

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A 2.5D Electrode System Constructed of Magnetic Sb–SnO2 Particles and a PbO2 Electrode and Its Electrocatalysis Application on Acid Red G Degradation

et al. 2019

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A novel electrode consisting of a Ti/PbO2 shell and Fe3O4/Sb–SnO2 particles was developed for electrochemical oxidation treatment of wastewater. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), the current limiting method, toxicity experiments, and high-performance liquid chromatography were adopted to characterize its morphology, crystal structure, electrochemical properties, the toxicity of the wastewater, and hydroxyl radicals. Acid Red G (ARG), a typical azo dye, was additionally used to test the oxidation ability of the electrode. Results indicated that the 2.5D electrode could significantly improve the mass transfer coefficient and •OH content of the 2D electrode, thereby enhancing the decolorization, degradation, and mineralization effect of ARG, and reducing the toxicity of the wastewater. The experiments revealed that, at higher current density, lower dye concentration and higher temperature, the electrochemical oxidation of ARG favored. Under the condition of 50 mA/cm2, 25 °C, and 100 ppm, the ARG, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) removal efficiency reached 100%, 65.89%, and 52.52%, respectively, and the energy consumption and the current efficiency were 1.06 kWh/g COD, 8.29%, and energy consumption for TOC and mineralization current efficiency were 3.81 kWh/g COD, 9.01%. Besides, the Fe3O4/Sb–SnO2 particles after electrolysis for 50 h still had remarkable stability. These results indicated that the ARG solution could be adequately removed on the 2.5D electrode, providing an effective method for wastewater treatment.

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Improvement of Carbamazepine Degradation by a Three-Dimensional Electrochemical (3-EC) Process

Cited by 15 publications

References 38 publications

Recent Trends in Removal Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products by Electrochemical Oxidation and Combined Systems

Recent Trends in Removal Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products by Electrochemical Oxidation and Combined Systems

A Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for the Removal of Carbamazepine

A 2.5D Electrode System Constructed of Magnetic Sb–SnO2 Particles and a PbO2 Electrode and Its Electrocatalysis Application on Acid Red G Degradation

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