Improvement of High-fat Diet-induced Obesity by Xanthigen in C57BL/6N Mice

Abstract

Obesity is a risk factor for numerous metabolic diseases. Recently, naturally occurring compounds that may improve obesity have received increasing attention. Xanthigen is a mixture of fucoxanthin and punicic acid derived from brown seaweed and pomegranate seed, respectively, which have been traditionally used for lipid-lowering effects in humans. In this study, we investigated whether Xanthigen attenuates high-fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6N mice. The mice were fed on a normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD plus 1% Xanthigen or HFD plus 1% green tea extract (GTE) for 11 weeks. Food efficiency ratio (FER) and body weight were significantly reduced in mice fed HFD plus Xanthigen compared to HFD-fed mice. Consistent with the results in body weight change, Xanthigen also significantly decreased the weights of epididymal adipose tissue, retroperitoneal adipose tissue, and liver in HFD plus 1% Xanthigen-fed mice. The serum level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol was significantly decreased in HFD plus Xanthigen-fed mice compared to HFD-fed mice. These results suggest that Xanthigen may be useful in the development of a functional health food for anti-obesity.

Toxicological assessment of Xanthigen® nutraceutical extract combination: Mutagenicity, genotoxicity and oral toxicity

“…Additionally, we found significant decreases in body weight in male groups treated with 250 and 500 mg/kg and female groups treated with 250 and 1000 mg/kg Xanthigen ® during the course of the study, findings which were attributed to the weight loss properties of Xanthigen ® probably via a reduction in adipose tissue fat content. Previous in vivo studies performed in mouse [ 21 ] and clinicals trial in humans [ 10 ] have indicated that Xanthigen ® is involved in adipose tissue fat depletion leading to weight loss. Unfortunately, this hypothesis was not able to be confirmed because adipose tissue analysis was not part of the standardized subchronic 90-day oral toxicity protocol.…”

Anti-obesity Effects of Curcuma longa L. Extracts through Inhibiting Adipogenic Transcription Factors

“…분화과정에서의 유전자 발현에는 초기분화에 관여하는 CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (CEBP)에 속한 CEBPB와 CCAAT/enhancer binding protein δ (CEBPD), 분화중기에 조절되는 PPARG와 CEBPA를 중 심으로 세포분열유도 물질과 함께 분화가 시작된다 (Chen et al, 2005;Zhang et al, 2004). Adipogenesis의 핵심조절인자로 알려 진 PPARG와 CEBPA는 상호작용을 하여 상승효과를 불러일으켜 adipogenesis의 후기 전사인자의 발현을 증가시킨다 (Morrison & Farmer, 2000;Rosen & MacDougald, 2006 (Choi et al, 2012;Lee et al, 2012a (Jelodar et al, 2005). 울금의 주요한 생리활성 성분 은 커큐민(curcumin), 데메톡시커큐민(demethoxycurcumin), 그리 고 비스데메톡시커큐민(bisdemethoxycurcumin)으로 알려져 있으 며 (Lee et al, 2012b), 이들을 이용한 항산화 (Barry et al, 2009), 항암 (Mudduluru et al, 2011), 그리고 항비만 활성 (Kim et al, 2013a) (Park et al, 2013).…”