Improvement of high-glucose and insulin resistance of chromium malate in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity signaling pathways and its mechanism

Feng, Weiwei; Liu, Yongchao; Fei, Fan; Chen, Yao; Ding, Yangyang; Yan, Mengjiao; Feng, Yongzeng; Zhao, Ting; Mao, Guanghua; Yang, Liuqing; Wu, Xiangyang

doi:10.1039/c8ra07470d

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Feng et al [ 54 ] explored the effect of chromium malate in ameliorating insulin resistance in the 3T3-L1 adipocyte model. Fully adipocyte-mature 3T3-L1 cells were obtained after 2 days of treatment with insulin (10 mg/mL) and IBMX (0.5 mM), followed by 5 days of treatment with 10% FBS-DMEM.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vitro Insulin Resistance Model: A Recent Update

et al. 2023

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Insulin resistance, which affects insulin-sensitive tissues, including adipose tissues, skeletal muscle, and the liver, is the central pathophysiological mechanism underlying type 2 diabetes progression. Decreased glucose uptake in insulin-sensitive tissues disrupts insulin signaling pathways, particularly the PI3K/Akt pathway. An in vitro model is appropriate for studying the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying insulin resistance because it is easy to maintain and the results can be easily reproduced. The application of cell-based models for exploring the pathogenesis of diabetes and insulin resistance as well as for developing drugs for these conditions is well known. However, a comprehensive review of in vitro insulin resistance models is lacking. Therefore, this review was conducted to provide a comprehensive overview and summary of the latest in vitro insulin resistance models, particularly 3T3-L1 (preadipocyte), C2C12 (skeletal muscle), and HepG2 (liver) cell lines induced with palmitic acid, high glucose, or chronic exposure to insulin.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effect is related to the downregulation of the glucose uptake-related pathways (GLUT4, Akt, and p-Akt). In addition, it inhibits insulin-sensitive signaling pathways, including IRS1, PPAR γ , PI3K, and p38-MAPK, at both mRNA and protein levels [ 54 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Insulin Resistance Model: A Recent Update

et al. 2023

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“…Cr (III); as an insulin dependent glucose transporter antidiabetic; suppresses the effects of harmful serum lipids (Feng et al 2019), on the other hand some immune-modulatory medications elevate blood sugar level and cause dyslipidemia with their consequences and complications (Penfornis and Kury-Paulin 2006). Preventing dyslipidemia would be protective from premature atherosclerosis associating RA (Arias de la Rosa et al 2018).…”

Section: Inflammopharmacologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Trivalent chromium supplementation ameliorates adjuvant induced rheumatoid arthritis through up-regulation of FOXP3 and decrease in synovial Cathepsin G expression

et al. 2022

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Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a known debilitating autoimmune disease. Immune-suppressants that are used for disease treatment have serious side effects, therefore, trivalent chromium (Cr (III)); which has shown evidence of its influences on some inflammatory pathways and cytokines; was used in this study for the first time to be assessed for its therapeutic effect in RA rat model and was compared to prednisolone in a trial to find a treatment with lesser side effects. Methods Adult male albino rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal, untreated RA, prednisolone treated RA (1.25 mg/kg/day) and Cr (III) treated RA groups (80 μg/kg/day), induction of RA was done by subcutaneous complete Freund adjuvant injection. Study duration was 4 weeks throughout which arthritis scoring and weight measurement were pursued. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical FOXP3 assessment were done for joint biopsies. Serum inflammatory markers (interleukin 17, interleukin 10, CRP) and synovial erosive arthritis marker (Cathepsin G) were measured. HDL and non-HDL cholesterol were estimated as well. Results Cr (III) treatment showed marked clinical and histopathological improvement, also astonishing anti-inflammatory effects (increase in FOXP3 expression and interleukin 10, with decrease in interleukin 17, CRP and synovial Cathepsin G) to the extent that Cr (III) effects on inflammation abolishment were comparable to that of prednisolone and even better at some aspects. Moreover, Cr (III) was protective from side effects, i.e., weight gain and dyslipidemia that were seen with prednisolone treatment. Conclusions Cr (III) is promising in treating RA and it lacks some side effects of accustomed immune-modulatory agents including prednisolone. Further experimental studies and clinical trials should be held to see the efficacy of Cr (III) in different doses and to assess its long term side effects when used for rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases treatment.

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Developments in the study of Chinese herbal medicine's assessment index and action mechanism for diabetes mellitus

Liu,

Zheng,

Wang

et al. 2024

Anim Models and Exp Med

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In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), based on various pathogenic symptoms and the ‘golden chamber’ medical text, Huangdi Neijing, diabetes mellitus falls under the category ‘collateral disease’. TCM, with its wealth of experience, has been treating diabetes for over two millennia. Different antidiabetic Chinese herbal medicines reduce blood sugar, with their effective ingredients exerting unique advantages. As well as a glucose lowering effect, TCM also regulates bodily functions to prevent diabetes associated complications, with reduced side effects compared to western synthetic drugs. Chinese herbal medicine is usually composed of polysaccharides, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids. These active ingredients reduce blood sugar via various mechanism of actions that include boosting endogenous insulin secretion, enhancing insulin sensitivity and adjusting key enzyme activity and scavenging free radicals. These actions regulate glycolipid metabolism in the body, eventually achieving the goal of normalizing blood glucose. Using different animal models, a number of molecular markers are available for the detection of diabetes induction and the molecular pathology of the disease is becoming clearer. Nonetheless, there is a dearth of scientific data about the pharmacology, dose‐effect relationship, and structure–activity relationship of TCM and its constituents. Further research into the efficacy, toxicity and mode of action of TCM, using different metabolic and molecular markers, is key to developing novel TCM antidiabetic formulations.

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Improvement of high-glucose and insulin resistance of chromium malate in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity signaling pathways and its mechanism

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

In Vitro Insulin Resistance Model: A Recent Update

In Vitro Insulin Resistance Model: A Recent Update

Trivalent chromium supplementation ameliorates adjuvant induced rheumatoid arthritis through up-regulation of FOXP3 and decrease in synovial Cathepsin G expression

Developments in the study of Chinese herbal medicine's assessment index and action mechanism for diabetes mellitus

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