Improvement of Imaging Conditions to Improve the Detection Rate of Head and Neck Cancer by Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Examination

Abstract

PET/CT has improved sensitivity and resolution using silicon photomultiplier as a photosensor. Previously, only a fixed setting was available for the shooting time of 1 bed, but now, the shooting time can be changed for each bed. Time can be shortened or extended depending on the target area. A few studies reported on image reconstruction conditions for head and neck cancer in whole-body PET/CT examinations. Thus, this study aimed to optimize the imaging conditions of the head and neck region during wholebody imaging. A cylindrical acrylic container with a 200 mm diameter was used to simulate the head and neck area using a PET/CT system equipped with a semiconductor detector. Spheres of 6 -30 mm in diameter were enclosed in the 200 mm diameter cylindrical acrylic vessel. Radioactivity in 18F solution (Hot: BG ratio 4:1) was enclosed in a phantom following the JSNM guidelines. Background radioactivity concentration was 2.53 kBq/ml. List mode acquisition of 1800 s was collected at 60 -1800 s with the field of view of 700 mm and 350 mm. The image was reconstructed by resizing the matrix to 128 × 128, 192 × 192, 256 × 256, and 384 × 384, respectively. The imaging time per bed in the head and neck should be at least 180 s, and the reconstruction conditions should be an FOV of 350, matrix sizes of ≥192, and a BPL reconstruction with a β-value of 200. This allows detection of >70% of the 8-mm spheres in the images.