Improvement of leaf miner [Liriomyza cicerina Rond. (Diptera: Agromyzidae)] resistance in Cicer species

Abstract

Improvement of leaf miner [Liriomyza cicerina SummaryChickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) leaf miner [Liriomyza cicerina Rond. (Diptera: Agromyzidae)] is one of the main insect pests of chickpea since it causes substantial yield losses in Turkey. The most efficient practical, environmental and economical solutions to overcome leaf miner damage in chickpea is the utilization of resistant cultivars. The present study aims selecting resistance for leaf miner via mutation breeding in two Cicer species viz. C. arietinum L. and C. reticulatum Ladiz. Genotypes were irradiated with 200, 300 and 400 Gy gamma rays. A total of 20 genotypes consisting of eight mutants, nine breeding lines, and two susceptible controls and one resistant control were compared for resistance to leaf miner for two years. A highly pigmented mutant of C. reticulatum with multipinnate leaves was highly resistant to leaf miner comparing with the controls and breeding lines under field conditions. It may be useful to develop cultivars for resistance to leaf miner since C. reticulatum can be easily crossed with the cultivated chickpeas. Keywords: Chickpea, Cicer reticulatum, leaf miner, Liriomyza cicerina ÖzetNohut (Cicer arietinum L.) yaprak galeri sineği [Liriomyza cicerina Rond. (Diptera: Agromyzidae)] dikkate değer verim kayıplarına yol açtığı için Türkiye'deki en önemli ve yaygın zararlılardan biridir. Nohutta yaprak galeri sineği zararının üstesinden gelmek için en etkili, pratik, çevreci ve ekonomik çözümlerden biri dayanıklı çeşitler kullanılmasıdır. Bu çalışma C. arietinum ve C. reticulatum türlerinin dahil olduğu iki Cicer türünde mutasyon ıslahı ile yaprak galeri sineğine dayanıklı mutant seçmeyi amaçlamıştır. Genotipler 200, 300 ve 400 Gy gamma ışınları ile ışınlanmıştır. Sekiz mutant, dokuz ıslah hattı, iki hassas kontrol ve bir dayanıklı kontrolü içeren toplam 20 genotip yaprak galeri sineğine dayanıklılık için iki yıl karşılaştırılmışlardır. C. reticulatum'un koyu pigmentli ve çok yaprakcıklı bir mutantı yaprak galeri sineğine bulaşmış doğal epidemi koşullarında yaprak galeri sineğine karşı çok dayanıklı olarak bulunmuştur. C. reticulatum kültürü yapılan nohutlarla kolayca melezlenebildiği için yaprak galeri sineğine karşı dayanıklı çeşit geliştirmede kullanışlı olacaktır.

Introgression of Resistance to Leafminer (Liriomyza cicerina Rondani) from Cicer reticulatum Ladiz. to C. arietinum L. and Relationships between Potential Biochemical Selection Criteria

“…A susceptible commercial variety (Sierra) grown in the USA, with a unifoliolate (simple) leaf, was used as a check in field experiments. Some studies revealed that larger leaflets in chickpea were preferred by leaf miner [6,10,11]. Figure 1 shows leaves of the parents and check Sierra.…”

“…were found [9,10]. Some mutant Cicer lines were reported to be resistant to leaf miner [6,[10][11][12]. Resistant cultivars can be bred by inter-and intra-specific crosses and mutation breeding.…”

Phenotypical and biochemical characterisation of resistance for parasitic weed (Orobanche foetidaPoir.) in radiation-mutagenised mutants of chickpea

“…While resistance to O. crenata is relatively common in chickpea, O. foetida causes significant damage in chickpea, notably in Tunisia, where research programmes aim to improve resistance to O. foetida through symbiotic rhizobia and radiation‐induced mutagenesis . Indeed, mutagenesis through chemical or physical treatments is a well‐known method used with success in plant breeding for increasing genetic diversity, notably in crops with restricted genetic variability . Concerning resistance to broomrape, interest in chemicals and gamma radiation was demonstrated for sunflower and tomato challenged with O. cumana and P. ramosa respectively …”

Registration of AWC 612M Chickpea Mutant Germplasm Line Resistant to Leaf Miner (Liriomyza cicerina)

“…Of the 14 different accessions evaluated in the present study, AWC 612 and AWC 612M are of C. reticulatum and the remaining 12 (Sierra, CA 2969, ICC 6119, ICC 4951, FLIP 2005‐1C, FLIP 2005‐7C, LMR 60, LMR 154, ILC 3397, YAR, ACC 3305 and ACC 5305) are cultivated chickpea accessions. ACC 3305 and ACC 5305 were previously selected as mutant lines based on their morphological appearance after gamma ray treatment of their parental lines, ICC 6119 and ICC 4951, respectively (Ikten et al, 2015). Other lines, ICC 6119 and LMR 154, have multipinnate leaves, while AWC 612, ILC 3397, FLIP 2005‐1C, FLIP 2005‐7C, LMR 60, CA 2969, YAR, and ICC 4951 have fern, or normal, leaves.…”

“…Other lines, ICC 6119 and LMR 154, have multipinnate leaves, while AWC 612, ILC 3397, FLIP 2005‐1C, FLIP 2005‐7C, LMR 60, CA 2969, YAR, and ICC 4951 have fern, or normal, leaves. Sierra, ACC 5305, and ACC 3305 have simple leaves (Toker et al, 2012; Ikten et al, 2015). Improved lines (FLIP and LMR) from ICARDA were screened for resistance to leaf miner over 5 yr from 2011 to 2016, while mutants (ACC lines) were screened for 9 yr from 2007 to 2015.…”