Improvement of macromolecular clearance via lymph flow in hamster gingiva by topical warming and massage

Abstract

The lymphatic system is very important for macromolecular clearance in various tissues, especially in the gingiva. However, the kinetics of macromolecular clearance via the lymph flow in the gingiva are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate whether thermal or mechanical stimulation affects macromolecular clearance via the lymph flow in the gingiva. Carbon black suspension was injected into the mandibular gingiva of anesthetized hamsters and its drainage into cervical lymph nodes was examined. Clearance of 14C-methylated bovine albumin and tritiated water from the gingiva and their drainage into submandibular lymph nodes and blood was quantified. The effect of topical warming or massage on clearance of 14C-methylated albumin from the gingiva during a 15 min period was examined. In addition, the influence of neurochemical antagonists on the stimulatory effect of topical warming on albumin clearance was investigated. Submandibular lymph nodes were clearly delineated by carbon black 10 min after the injection. More radiolabeled albumin appeared in submandibular lymph nodes than in serum, while more tritiated water appeared in serum. Topical warming (45 degrees C, 2 min) and warming plus massage (with a silicon rubber brush, 20 s) decreased the radiolabeled albumin in the gingiva 15 min after the injection. There was less radiolabeled albumin in the gingiva after gingival warming plus massage than after warming. Previous injection of HOE140 or propranolol into the gingiva diminished the stimulatory effect of topical warming on albumin clearance. It was concluded that topical warming plus massage improves macromolecular clearance via the lymph flow in hamster gingiva.

Assessment of heat provocation tests on the human gingiva: the effect of periodontal disease and smoking

“…We have found that both methods can be applied on the human gingiva with distinct benefits. Warmed saline is routinely applied in the oral cavity as a daily rinse after tooth extraction to prevent alveolar osteitis (43) and it may improve oedema as well by stimulating lymphatic circulation (52). Based on our experiments, local warming can have additional benefits after oral flap surgery as it may increase blood flow in the low perfused flap, especially after augmentation procedures.…”

Improvement of macromolecular clearance via lymph flow in hamster gingiva by low‐power carbon dioxide laser‐irradiation

“…Warming of gingiva. Thermal treatment of the gingiva was conducted as previously described [5]. Briefly, we warmed the mandibular gingiva of hamsters at 408C for 2 minutes with the special device illustrated schematically in Figure 1.…”

“…The gingiva is one of the tissues susceptible to inflammatory edema caused by increased vascular permeability [4]. Recently we reported that topical warming significantly stimulated macromolecular clearance via lymph flow in the gingiva [5] and decreased the swelling of the gingiva.…”

Analysis of the three‐dimensional lymphatic architecture of the periodontal tissue using a new 3D reconstruction method

“…In the future, we intend to study various growth factors of lymphatic vessels in newly formed regions to distinguish them from blood vessels. We previously reported a time-course study of macromolecular clearance by lymph vessels in the tongue (Xie and Fujimura, 2000), and hyperthermia stimulated lymphatic absorptivity in ginigva (Shimotoyodome et al, 2000) using RI labeling albumin, and we hypothesize that these phenomena are caused by the same effect, hyperthermia. We have already examined the lymphatic architecture of the tongue using enzymehistochemical staining (Liang and Fujimura, 2000) and our method (Fujimura, 1999), and have examined the relationship between the morphology and function of lymph vessels.…”