Improvement of non-standardized directional overcurrent relay coordination by invasive weed optimization

Pattern Synthesis of Time-Modulated Array Antenna Based on an Improved Invasive Weed Optimization Method

“…F 0 θ , F 1 θ , and F − 1 θ are calculated by (7)- (9). The objective function value can be obtained by (11) and 12t U n (t)…”

“…IWO algorithm generates the new seeds around the parent by using the normal diffusion mechanism. It has been widely used in many fields, such as the adaptive beamforming of antenna [9], the optimization of MIMO antenna array [10], overcurrent relay coordination [11], electromagnetics [12], network optimization [13], and resource planning of residential complex energy system [14]. Compared with other algorithms, it has larger search space, but it is inferior to other intelligent algorithms in depth of search.…”

Optimal Operation Analysis of the Distribution Network Comprising a Micro Energy Grid Based on an Improved Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm

“…A comparison experiment featuring the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, the invasive weed optimization (IWO) algorithm [39], the grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm [31], the grey wolf optimization/evolutionary population dynamics (GWO-EPD) algorithm [40], and the improved GWO algorithm was performed. The parameters of the PSO algorithm were as follows: the proportional weight was w = 0.8, the particle swarm size was N = 100, the learning factor was s 1 = s 2 = 2, and the maximum number of iterations was 200.…”

A new iterative linear programming approach to find optimal protective relay settings

“…It also simplifies the calculations as the curvature of relay characteristics is piece‐wise linearized. In References 42‐44 non standard OcR characteristics with unconventional settings, have been developed with the objective of obtained best OcR settings with minimum operating times. For microgrid operations, conventional OcRs with standard characteristics may not provide minimum tripping times due to islanded microgrid operation, where the expected fault currents are less and OcRs fail to pick up the fault.…”