As the cadmium-free
semiconductor quantum dots, ZnO quantum dots
(ZnO QDs) have wide potential applications in agriculture. However,
the effects of ZnO quantum dots on crop growth and nutritional quality
have not been fully studied. In this work, the lettuce was sprayed
with different concentrations of ZnO QDs from 50 to 500 mg·L
–1
to evaluate their influence on lettuce antioxidant,
biomass, and nutritional quality. The results showed that ZnO QDs
existed in the lettuce in the form of Zn
2+
. Lettuce treated
with 500 mg·L
–1
ZnO QDs would produce a large
amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which adversely affected
the absorption of nutrients, soluble protein content, and chlorophyll
content, thus reducing plant biomass. When the concentrations range
from 50 to 200 mg·L
–1
, the antioxidant enzyme
systems of lettuce were triggered to counteract the damage caused
by excessive ROS. Moreover, ZnO QDs at this level promoted Ca, Mg,
Fe, Mn, Zn, and B absorption and accumulation; increased soluble sugar
content; and improved the lettuce biomass and nutritional quality.