Improvement of proton exchange membrane fuel cell overall efficiency by integrating heat-to-electricity conversion

Xie, Chen; Wang, Shuxin; Zhang, Lianhong; Hu, S. Jack

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.02.048

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Among the approaches proposed, use of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is believed to be a promising energy conversion technology for both portable and stationary applications due to their high efficiency, high power output, quick start-up, fast response to load changes, low operating temperature (60-90 • C), and zero polluting emissions [1][2][3][4][5]. However, low tolerance to impurities in the fuel or air streams to PEMFCs is one of the major barriers for fuel cell adoption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ammonium ion distribution on Nafion® conductivity

Hongsirikarn

Napapruekchart

et al. 2011

Journal of Power Sources

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ammonium ion distribution on Nafion® conductivity

Hongsirikarn

Napapruekchart

et al. 2011

Journal of Power Sources

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“…The fuel cell stack itself is crucial but equally the ability to engineer air and fuel control and water and heat management impact on the overall system efficiency significantly [173]. Improvements in system efficiencies in these areas can be made by integrating heat-to-electricity conversion [173,174]. It has been shown analytically by gradational energy utilization design that by combining PEMFC and a thermal energy conversion system (utilizing the PEMFC generated heat), the overall efficiency of the PEMFC can be increased by 0.4-2.3 per cent [174].…”

Section: Emerging Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Improvements in system efficiencies in these areas can be made by integrating heat-to-electricity conversion [173,174]. It has been shown analytically by gradational energy utilization design that by combining PEMFC and a thermal energy conversion system (utilizing the PEMFC generated heat), the overall efficiency of the PEMFC can be increased by 0.4-2.3 per cent [174]. It has been emphasized that the size and weight reduction of the fuel cell stack along with other auxiliary components such as balance of plant are crucial to fulfil the strict requirements of transport applications [175].…”

Section: Emerging Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen: A future energy vector for sustainable development

Mandal

Gregory

2009

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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The rapid exhaustion of fossil fuel reserves and the adverse effects of climate change have attracted global attention and pose serious threats to mankind. The emergence of new energy technologies based on new materials discovery is crucial if the world is to arrest the adverse effects of climate change and secure the global energy security based on sustainable and renewable energy sources. Hydrogen is thought to be the solution as a clean and renewable future energy vector. The use of hydrogen in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell is likely to be at the centre of power generation for stationary and mobile applications. This review describes the present state of contemporary research on modes of hydrogen generation and storage on the basis of research carried out during the last decade. The article focuses particularly on the key aspects of fuel cells and materials based on the physical and chemical storage of hydrogen. A high storage density together with favourable sorption thermodynamics and kinetics and prolonged cycleability and lifetime are the key requirements for a practical storage material. This review emphasizes both how the engineering of fuel cells and our understanding of solid state hydrogen storages impact on the future of hydrogen storage research and the prospects for the implementation of the hydrogen economy.

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“…In recent years, automobile manufacturers have been vigorously developing proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells as propulsion sources of electric vehicles on account of its good start-up performance due to a relatively low operating temperature and its high power density [5,6]. PEM fuel cell is also promising for residential cogeneration systems since it is very efficient in converting fuel gas into useful energy by recovering the waste heat from the electricity generation, which is used to heat domestic hot water and/or for central heating of the home [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. In addition, the electricity is generated in the home and hence there is no transmission loss associated with central power generation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%