2019
DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/221/1/012044
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Improvement of Relative Permeability and Wetting Condition of Sandstone by Low Salinity Waterflooding

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Cited by 2 publications
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“…The following part will focus more on the multiple ion exchange (MIE) as one of the main mechanisms of LSWF employed in this study (see Figure 4), which is highly dependent on compositions of the formation water and injected brine. For LSWF to be effective, it is necessary for the formation (connate) water to contain sodium, calcium and magnesium ( [13][14][15]21]). In an MIE process, the ions like K, Na will replace the divalent ions (e.g., Ca, Mg) that are adsorbed on the rock surfaces, leading to the liberation of oil in the form of calcium carboxylate complex (see Figure 4).…”
Section: Lswf Mechanismmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The following part will focus more on the multiple ion exchange (MIE) as one of the main mechanisms of LSWF employed in this study (see Figure 4), which is highly dependent on compositions of the formation water and injected brine. For LSWF to be effective, it is necessary for the formation (connate) water to contain sodium, calcium and magnesium ( [13][14][15]21]). In an MIE process, the ions like K, Na will replace the divalent ions (e.g., Ca, Mg) that are adsorbed on the rock surfaces, leading to the liberation of oil in the form of calcium carboxylate complex (see Figure 4).…”
Section: Lswf Mechanismmentioning
confidence: 99%