Improvement of Salinity Soil Properties and Rice Productivity under Different Irrigation Intervals and Gypsum Rates

Abstract

The study was carried out in of 2015 and 2016 seasons at the Experimental Farm of El-Sirw Agriculture Research Station, Damietta Governorate, and Egypt. The main objective of an attempt was to determine the effect of short, medium and prolong irrigation intervals (irrigation every three, six and nine days) and gypsum rates (0, 0.5,1.0 and 1.5 t ha -1 CaSO 4 ) on some soil prosperities, some plant elements, plant growth and grain yield of Sakha 104 rice cultivar, under saline soil conditions. A strip plot design, with four replicates, was used. The horizontal plots were devoted to irrigation intervals, however, the gypsum rates were allocated in the vertical plots. The soil of the experimental site was clayey and salinity levels were 7.5 and 7.3 dSm -1 in 2015 and 2016 seasons, respectively. The results obtained could be summarized as follows: Irrigation every three days increased chlorophyll content, LAI, plant height, number of tillers, panicle length, number of panicles, filled grains/panicle, panicle weight, 1000-grain weight, grain and straw yields as a compared with irrigation every nine days, which recorded the highest values of unfilled grains. Irrigation every three days significantly increased soil bulk density as well as Ca ++ and K + (in the soil and plant). However, it decreased the soil EC, Na + (in the soil and plant) and Na/K ratio in the plant. Irrigation every three days consumed the highest amount of irrigation water, while prolonged irrigation intervals up to six and nine days tended to decrease the amount of water used. Furthermore, nine days treatment recorded the highest water use efficiency. Gypsum (as a soil amendment) rated 1.5 t 1 CaSo4 hasignificantly raised all studied growth parameter (except plant height), grain yield and its components without any significant differences with 1.0 t ha -1 CaSo 4 in some traits in both seasons. Gypsum at the rate of 1.5 t ha -1 CaSo 4 mitigate the hazardous effect of salinity by decrease soil EC, Na + (in the soil and plant) and Na/K ratio in the plant. Generally, under the same condition, irrigation every three days and gypsum at the rate of 1.5 t ha -1 CaSo 4 are favorable for improve soil properties and enhance rice productivity under saline soil conditions.

Elucidating Amendment Resources for Reclaiming Efficacy of Sodic Soils around Abaya and Chamo Lakes, South Ethiopia Rift Valley

“…We assume the exchange mechanism is at a local thermodynamic equilibrium since determining the sodium cation in the soil solution and the sodium cation in the exchange complex [ 106 ] requires the application of the well-known Gapon equation [ 102 ]. This was in agreement with the study of [ 107 , 108 ], who noted that a significant amount of exchangeable Na was released because of the chemical substitution between the cations in the treatments and the Na + in the soil exchange site. The explanation for this could be that gypsum provides soluble Ca 2+ directly to replace exchangeable Na.…”

Combining Ability and Heterosis Studying for Yield and its Attributes of Hybrid Rice Under Normal and Salinity Conditions Using Line × tester Scheme

“…Concerning potassium content, the best genotype was the cross GAB-A/Giza179 under normal, salinity conditions. Some authors like, Zayed et al, (2010Zayed et al, ( ,2014Zayed et al, ( and 2017; Negm (2012 and2016); El-Mowafi et al, (2019 and2022) and Mazal et al, (2021) mentioned similar findings.…”

“…Accordingly, salinity considered one of the major abiotic stresses affecting rice sustain-ability and yield. Rice scientists in Egypt at Rice Re-search and Training Center (RRTC) have long worked on developing new cultivars and promising lines to overcome adverse environments for rice cultivation, among these cultivars Sakha104, Giza178 and Gi-za179 (Zayed et al, 2017).…”

Molecular Analysis For Salt Tolerance QTLs Emphasizing Saltol QTL in Some Egyptian and International Rice Genotypes (Oryza sativa L.)

“…Accordingly, salinity considered one of the major abiotic stresses affecting rice sustainability and yield. Rice scientists in Egypt at Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC) have long worked on developing new cultivars and promising lines to overcome adverse environments for rice cultivation, among these cultivars Sakha104, Giza178 and Giza179 (Zayed et al, 2017).…”