Improvement of seedling establishment under flood condition by seed coating with molybdenum compounds for wheat and barley

Abstract

Wheat and barley are often cultivated also in paddy fields in winter in Japan. The drainage of paddy fields is often poor. The seedling establishment of wheat and barley is more prone to become poor if it rains heavily after sowing. The flooding damage on seedling establishment is thought to be caused by many factors. The generation of sulfide ions in flooded and reduced soil is thought to be one factor of the flooding damage. In this study, the effect of seed coating with molybdenum compounds, which suppress the generation of sulfide ions, on the flooding damage of wheat and barley seedling establishment. Two poorly soluble molybdenum compounds were coated on wheat or barley seeds at different amounts. Coated seeds were sown in soil and soon flooded for 2 d at 20 °C. When seeds were not coated with molybdenum compounds, rates of seedling establishment were no more than 32%. However, when any molybdenum compounds of .05-.5 mol-Mo kg −1 were coated, seedling establishment was significantly improved and rates of seedling establishment were no less than 54%. However, when sown seed were not flooded, the establishment rates of the seeds, which were coated with a molybdenum compound of no less than .1 or .2 mol-Mo kg-1, were significantly decreased. Accordingly, coating of molybdenum compounds could improve the seedling establishment of coated seeds under flooded condition, but might impair the seedling establishment of coated seeds under unflooded condition.

Comparison of the effects of seed coating with tungsten and molybdenum compounds on seedling establishment rates of rice, wheat, barley, and soybean under flooded conditions

“…Nishinochikara) seeds were pre-treated with polyvinyl alcohol solution containing a 10%-diluted commercial laundry starch for 1 min, spin-dried, and then coated with one of four molybdenum and three tungsten compounds at an amount of .5 mol Mo or W kg −1 . The treatments used were selected based on the results of experiment 1 and are referenced in Hara (2016). The treatments included MoO, MoH, MoPNH, MoPK, WO, WH, or WPNH.…”

“…According to the method previously reported in Hara (2016), pots were filled with wet soil equivalent to 100 g of dry soil. A solution containing ammonium sulfate (4 mmol kg −1 dried soil) and potassium chloride (1 mmol kg −1 dried soil) was added to each pot until the total amount of water was .7 times the weight of dry soil.…”

“…Water drainage is often poor in paddy fields and may negatively affect seedling establishment of these upland crops, especially if it rains heavily after sowing. Seed coating using poorly soluble molybdenum compounds improved seedling establishment for wheat, barley (Hara, 2016), and soybean (Hara, 2015), under flooded conditions.…”

Performance of a large seed vacuum planter for bare and pelleted onion seeds

“…Different procedures are applied to protect development of vegetables (Hwang and Sung 1991;Parish 2000;Parish et al 2002), and increase germination rate with a chemical (Powel and Mathews 1982), or biological agent (Fairley and Draycott 1978;Luchmeah and Cooke 1985;Evans et al 1993;Stout et al 1993). Several authors (Maude and Bambridge 1985;Sikhao et al 2015;Barut 2008;Hara 2013;Hara 2016;Accinelli et al 2018) reported the effect of pelleting, or coating, on seedling emergence rate, seedling growth, yield, or dust generating potential while sowing in different soils. Coating or pelleting, vegetable seed has been used in agricultural production since the 1960s, and has enabled more precise sowing (Grelliera et al 1999).…”