Improvement of ship stability and safety in intact condition through operational measures: challenges and opportunities

Bačkalov, Igor; Bulian, Gabriele; Rosén, Anders; Shigunov, Vladimir; Themelis, Nikos

doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.02.011

Cited by 35 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Implementing and optimally design the hybrid solar energy (photovoltaics)/ Diesel engine/ Batteries system as a standalone system in off-shore oil ships is totally different from applying the same system in isolated models on a land. The difference comes from the following points, (1) The load nature where the load on the land is fixed while, the load on oil ship changes with the ship position (it is movable load) [36]. (2) The solar irradiation is almost constant on the land standalone system while it varies with ship position on its way due to the continuous changes in longitude and latitude and also the dates of the ship sailing [37].…”

Section: B Dissimilarity Between Hybrid Pscs/ Diesel Engine/ B Atteri...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic and Sensitivity Investigation of a Novel Perovskite Solar Cells Based High Efficient Hybrid Electric Sources for Off-Shore Oil Ships

et al. 2023

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Herein, this study presents for the first time third generation perovskite solar cells (PSCs) for enhancing the performance of off-shore oil ships. The off-shore oil ships need a high efficient hybrid solar energy-batteries system for enhancing the ships efficiency and reduce the pollutants resulting from these ships. In this study, an efficient model that consists of hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) suitable for the off-shore oil ships is presented and discussed. The model uses the PSCs as a solar energy source thanks to their high efficiency reaching now almost 26% based on nanotechnology in fabrication process. For determining the optimum quantities of the HRES model the HOMER software was used. The model succeeded in reducing the pollutants and the greenhouse gases (GHGs). The direction of the ship under study is from Dalian in China to Hurghada in Egypt where the data of electric load was chosen based on this journey which is real data. The full components of the model used are PSCs, Batteries and Diesel engine. Two PSCs arrays with 600 kW and 900 kW were used in the study beside 600 kW silicon based solar cells array for comparison between technologies of solar cells. The PSCs array were formed based on a laboratory fabricated PSCs that have 23.5 mA.Cm -2 as a short circuit current density, 1.085 V as open circuit voltage, 0.79 as a fill factor and 20.05% as a power conversion efficiency. The results revealed that the suggested model can help in reducing the total fuel consumption and the GHGs by 5,765,575 L and 15,592,017 kg for 600 kW silicon,15,177,375 L and 15,662,875 kg for 600kW PSCs case,17,634,350 L and 22,307,325 kg for 900kW PSCs case respectively related to using only diesel generator during the ship journey under the same conditions. Based on the obtained results, using the solar cells especially the recent technology base ones is attractive and highly recommended on the off-shore oil ships. This leading to both the fuel consumptions and cost reduction.

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Section: B Dissimilarity Between Hybrid Pscs/ Diesel Engine/ B Atteri...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic and Sensitivity Investigation of a Novel Perovskite Solar Cells Based High Efficient Hybrid Electric Sources for Off-Shore Oil Ships

et al. 2023

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“…It is recognised that safety cannot only be a matter of ship design. To enhance the level of safety of a vessel in a seaway condition, an approach complementary to the ship design is required, as is also recognised in References [33,34]. This can be implemented with operational measures provided to the master, suggesting the safest behaviour in handling ship navigation for specific environmental conditions.…”

Section: An Overview On the Operational Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

IMO Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria: General Overview and Focus on Operational Measures

Petacco

Gualeni

2020

JMSE

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At the beginning of 2020, after a long and demanding process, the Second Generation Intact Stability criteria (SGISc) have been finalized at the 7th session of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) sub-committee on Ship Design and Construction (SDC). At present, SGISc are not mandatory, nevertheless IMO endorses their application in order to assess their consistency and validity. It is envisaged that SGISc can support the design of safer ships, nevertheless such a rules framework might have an impact also on the ship operational aspects in a seaway. In fact, within the SGISc framework, Operational Measures have also been implemented providing guidance and limitations during navigation. After a comprehensive overview about SGISc vulnerability levels and direct stability assessment, this paper provides a specific insight into the methodological approach for the Operational Measures extensively addressed as a complementary action to ship design.

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“…Non-technical aspects include risk management [17], technical, operational, and rule implementation errors [18], leadership models [19,20], crew competence [21], human error [22][23][24], culture, and safety knowledge and behaviours [25,26]. Technical aspects include vessel stability and dynamics [27,28], technology use [29], operations, and environment/weather [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Indicators of Implementation of Sea Transportation Safety Management System for Traditional Shipping Based on Delphi Approach

et al. 2023

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The implementation of the safety management system (SMS) in traditional shipping in Indonesia, known as “Pelra”, has not been implemented. The nature of the operation pattern and characteristics of Pelra, which are still traditional (non-convention), means that international maritime rules such as SOLAS, MARPOL, LLC, Collreg, and STCW, as well as Indonesian government regulations related to shipping safety, are not suitable for Pelra. As a result, Pelra ship accidents continue to occur every year in Indonesian waters without any efforts to deal with safety management. The aim of this study is to find indicators to assess the implementation of Pelra’s SMS that adopt the specific characteristics of Pelra sea transportation. The analysis was conducted with a Delphi approach, based on expert opinion in the field of ship safety, which was tested using non-parametric statistics (Kendall’s W test). The consensus results obtained 9 factors described in 44 assessment indicators to implement SMS on Pelra vessels. Several new indicators were found, including indicators related to ship stability, ship construction, and safety and navigation equipment. The level of expert agreement from the concordance W coefficient value is in the range of 0.3 (moderately strong) to 0.7 (very strong), which suggests that these findings are valid and feasible to be used as assessment indicators in order to implement SMS Pelra.

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Improvement of ship stability and safety in intact condition through operational measures: challenges and opportunities

Cited by 35 publications

References 12 publications

Techno-Economic and Sensitivity Investigation of a Novel Perovskite Solar Cells Based High Efficient Hybrid Electric Sources for Off-Shore Oil Ships

Techno-Economic and Sensitivity Investigation of a Novel Perovskite Solar Cells Based High Efficient Hybrid Electric Sources for Off-Shore Oil Ships

IMO Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria: General Overview and Focus on Operational Measures

Determination of Indicators of Implementation of Sea Transportation Safety Management System for Traditional Shipping Based on Delphi Approach

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