Improvement of sperm morphology after surgical varicocele repair

Morini, Daria; Spaggiari, Giorgia; Daolio, Jessica; Melli, Beatrice; Nicoli, Alessia; Feo, Gaetano De; Valli, Barbara; Viola, Domenico; Garganigo, Simona; Magnani, Elena; Pilia, Annalisa; Polese, Alessandra; Colla, Rossana; Simoni, Manuela; Aguzzoli, Lorenzo; Villani, Maria Teresa; Santi, Daniele

doi:10.1111/andr.13012

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In the biochemical pregnancy decision tree, alongside to OF17, sperm motility entered the model introducing the threshold of 34%. This result suggests that a male parameter represents a crucial point in terms of prediction of pregnancy obtainment with a cut-off near to what proposed by the WHO manual, i.e., 32% [24,25]. Although the relevance of male contribution in human reproduction seems obvious, most studies aimed at predicting ART success relegated the male factor to a secondary role, evaluating only the female partner (Villani MT et al, 2021, submitted).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The (decision) tree of fertility: an innovative decision-making algorithm in assisted reproduction technique

Villani

Morini

Spaggiari

et al. 2022

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose Several mathematical models have been developed to estimate individualized chances of assisted reproduction techniques (ART) success, although with limited clinical application. Our study aimed to develop a decisional algorithm able to predict pregnancy and live birth rates after controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) phase, helping the physician to decide whether to perform oocytes pick-up continuing the ongoing ART path. Methods A single-center retrospective analysis of real-world data was carried out including all fresh ART cycles performed in 1998-2020. Baseline characteristics, ART parameters and biochemical/clinical pregnancies and live birth rates were collected. A seven-steps systematic approach for model development, combining linear regression analyses and decision trees (DT), was applied for biochemical, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates. Results Of fresh ART cycles, 12,275 were included. Linear regression analyses highlighted a relationship between number of ovarian follicles > 17 mm detected at ultrasound before pick-up (OF17), embryos number and fertilization rate, and biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates (p < 0.001), but not live birth rate. DT were created for biochemical pregnancy (statistical power-SP:80.8%), clinical pregnancy (SP:85.4%), and live birth (SP:87.2%). Thresholds for OF17 entered in all DT, while sperm motility entered the biochemical pregnancy's model, and female age entered the clinical pregnancy and live birth DT. In case of OF17 < 3, the chance of conceiving was < 6% for all DT. Conclusion A systematic approach allows to identify OF17, female age, and sperm motility as pre-retrieval predictors of ART outcome, possibly reducing the socio-economic burden of ART failure, allowing the clinician to perform or not the oocytes pick-up.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The (decision) tree of fertility: an innovative decision-making algorithm in assisted reproduction technique

Villani

Morini

Spaggiari

et al. 2022

J Assist Reprod Genet

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“…The morbidity of varicocele in adult males is 4.4%–26.4%, and that in infertile males is 17%–41% [ 2 ]. Varicocele is reported to show adverse effects on sperm function [ 3 ], semen quality [ 4 ], and reproductive hormones [ 5 ], finally contributing to male infertility. Currently, the main inducers for varicocele-triggered infertility include the increased local temperature of the scrotum, oxidative stress caused by hypoxia, poor renal and adrenal metabolites, low testosterone level, and abnormal sperm energy metabolism [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silencing CAMK2D Promotes the Proliferation of Spermatogonia in the Testis of Experimental Varicocele Rats

Tang

Yang

Ding

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Varicocele is regarded as the main factor that contributes to male infertility. This study aimed to explore the effect of CAMK2D on spermatogonia in the testis of experimental varicocele rats. The experimental varicocele model was established in rats and treated using different ligation methods. mRNA expression profile analysis was performed on the left testicular tissue isolated from different groups, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analysed by bioinformatics methods and identified by qRT-PCR. The effect of CAMK2D, the screened DEG, on the proliferation of spermatogonia was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. The expression level of the c-kit was measured by the immunofluorescence assay and the expression levels of CAMKII, FOXO1, and β-catenin were detected by qRT-PCR and western blotting. Five DEGs (i.e., TMCC3, FLNB, CAMK2D, OPLAH, and EGR1) were screened using the comprehensive analysis of mRNA high-throughput sequencing data. TMCC3 and FLNB were significantly downregulated, and CAMK2D, OPLAH, and EGR1 were dramatically upregulated in the testicular tissue of varicocele rats. The target DEG CAMK2D was obtained through identification by using qRT-PCR. In vitro assays revealed that the proliferation of spermatogonia was significantly facilitated by the silencing of CAMK2D, which resulted in the downregulation of CAMKII, FOXO1, and β-catenin. In conclusion, silencing CAMK2D facilitated the proliferation of spermatogonia in the testis of experimental varicocele rats.

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“…It affects 19% to 41% of men with primary infertility and 45% to 81% of those with secondary fertility. [ 4 , 5 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of varicocelectomy on detailed sperm morphology parameters

Yaris¹,

Kilinc²

2022

Medicine

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Although many studies suggest that varicocelectomy leads to improvement in semen parameters and morphology, its clinical efficacy remains controversial. The detailed morphological parameters described in the World Health Organization guidelines are important in terms of showing the effect of microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy on morphological changes. An observational, retrospective clinical cohort study was conducted with patients followed up from January 2018 to August 2021. This study included the data of 79 patients who met the criterion of undergoing at least 2 detailed morphological evaluations before and after surgery. All operations were performed by the same surgical team using the microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy technique. The mean age of the patients was 30.25 years. Of the patients, 63 underwent left-sided varicocelectomy and 16 underwent bilateral surgery. The sperm analysis revealed statistically significant increases in sperm volume ( P = .006), sperm concentration ( P = .003), total sperm count ( P = .001), progressive sperm motility ( P < .001), and normal morphology ( P < .001). In the detailed morphological evaluation, except for the elongated head anomaly ( P = .037), no other statistically significant changes were found in relation to sperm head, tail, and neck anomalies after surgery. This study makes an important contribution to the literature, being the first to use the subinguinal microscopic varicocelectomy technique in detailed morphological semen evaluation. We consider that detailed morphology examination in the selection and treatment of infertile patients may be useful in evaluating the efficacy of varicocelectomy.

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Improvement of sperm morphology after surgical varicocele repair

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

Cited by 16 publications

References 47 publications

The (decision) tree of fertility: an innovative decision-making algorithm in assisted reproduction technique

The (decision) tree of fertility: an innovative decision-making algorithm in assisted reproduction technique

Silencing CAMK2D Promotes the Proliferation of Spermatogonia in the Testis of Experimental Varicocele Rats

Effect of varicocelectomy on detailed sperm morphology parameters

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