Improvement of strength of fly ash with lime and sodium salts

Ramesh, H. N.; Mohan, Mani; Sivapullaiah, P. V.

doi:10.1680/gi.1999.030403

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The addition of 1% of any sodium salt changes the nature of the compaction curve. The MDU reduces with a marginal rise in OMC [21]. Figure 4 shows the effect of RHA, CL and sodium salts on compaction characteristics of BC soil.…”

Section: Compaction Characteristics Of Alkali-treated Soil Optimum Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of NaCl to the composite reacts with lime in the presence of water and leads to the formation of sodium calcium silicate. The addition of sodium salts increases the pH of the composite and reacts with high silica content of RHA and BC soil, leading to alkali silicates and aluminates compounds such as C-S-H, C-A-S-H, S-C-A-S-H and S-C-S-H [21]. Thus, compressive strength of the blended composite enhances.…”

Section: Improvement In Strength Of the Rha-stabilized Bc Soil In Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strength with respect to the CL and sodium salts is due to the formation of pozzolanic products, and these products were found at several d spacings which are responsible for the strength enhancement of the composite. The lime and accelerators increase the pH of the composite, the calcium ions and sodium ions react with dissolved alumina and silica of the composite, leading to the hydration products such as S-C-S-H, S-C-A-S-H, C-A-H, C-A-S-H and C-S-H gels [8][9][10]21]. These compounds bind and coat the soil particle, increasing the strength of the composite.…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction Studies On the Stabilized Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Justification of strength properties of microstructural changes in the black cotton soil stabilized with rice husk ash and carbide lime in the presence of sodium salts

Ramesh

Manjunatha²

2020

SN Appl. Sci.

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Black cotton soils exhibit high shrinkage and swelling characteristics due to the variation in moisture content. To overcome this problem, many techniques are adopted, among which is the soil stabilization technique. Rapid industrialization and urbanization lead to the generation of waste products; the major by-products are rice husk ash (RHA) and carbide lime (CL). These by-products show excellent pozzolanic property. In this paper, an attempt has been made to stabilize black cotton soil with rice husk ash (RHA) along with carbide lime (CL) and other additives. Based on strength test results, the optimum dosage of RHA and CL was found to be 20% and 8%, respectively. The effect of sodium salts on index properties and unconfined compression strength (UCC) test at different moulding water contents for immediate testing and at different days of curing are studied. Results show that plasticity index of the soil treated with additives was decreased both for immediate and for 7 days of curing period due to the decrease in diffuse double-layer thickness. Soil-RHA-CL composite treated with 1% sodium chloride and 1% sodium hydroxide improves the Unconfined compression strength and shows a better strength compared to carbide lime-treated soil due to the formation of alkali silicate and alkali aluminate hydrated gel along with other cementitious products. The microstructural changes in the stabilized composite can be observed with XRD and SEM analysis. The addition of carbide lime and salts binds the particle with hydrated gel and shows denser environment compared to unstabilized soil.

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Section: Compaction Characteristics Of Alkali-treated Soil Optimum Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Improvement In Strength Of the Rha-stabilized Bc Soil In Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: X-ray Diffraction Studies On the Stabilized Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Justification of strength properties of microstructural changes in the black cotton soil stabilized with rice husk ash and carbide lime in the presence of sodium salts

Ramesh

Manjunatha²

2020

SN Appl. Sci.

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“…Hence, it is important to consider the possible advantages of using additives or additional binders for enhancing the lime stabilisation process in organic clays with a noticeable humic acid content. It was reported in the literature that salt additives, such as sodium chloride (NaCl), can be used as an admixture so that the characteristics of the lime-treated organic clay can be improved (Asghari et al, 2003;Davoudi and Kabir, 2011;Marks and Haliburton, 1999;Modmoltin and Voottipruex, 2009;Murty and Krishna, 2007;Onitsuka et al, 2002Onitsuka et al, , 2003Ramana and Hari Krishna, 2006;Ramesh et al, 1999;Sharma et al, 2008;Stipho, 1989). The salt additives, being more readily soluble in water than lime, provide the required cations that are necessary for cation exchange.…”

Section: Notationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength improvement of lime-treated clay with sodium chloride

Yunus¹,

Wanatowski

Marto

et al. 2017

Geotechnical Research

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Lime stabilisation of organic clay has often been studied in the past. However, there is some evidence in the literature that the presence of high concentrations of organic matter in clay soil can lessen the chemical reaction between lime and clay minerals and can have detrimental effects on the engineering properties of soil. Hence, in this paper, the stress-strain behaviour and strength properties of organic soil treated with lime and sodium chloride (NaCl) are analysed. A soil mixture, prepared with 5% lime content and 1·5% humic acid, was stabilised with varying quantities of sodium chloride (0·5, 2·0 and 5·0%). Consolidated undrained and drained triaxial tests were carried out on specimens at curing periods of 7 and 28 d with applied confining pressures of 50 and 100 kPa. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis were used to observe the microstructural changes resulting from cementation materials. It was found that the introduction of sodium chloride improved considerably the strength properties of the lime-treated organic clay. The microstructural analysis also confirmed the presence of calcium silicate hydrate in a salttreated organic clay, which was the main contributing factor to the enhanced engineering properties of the clay.

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“…In addition, lime and Portland cement are frequently used in practice to improve the properties, specifically strength, of high moisture content soils. Research has also shown that an alkali activator, such as Na2O, can have a positive effect on the compressive strength and microstructural characteristics of fly ash (Guo et al 2010) with a specific study (Ramesh et al 1999) showing sodium salts improving the strength of fly ash-lime mixtures. According to that previous study, a very small amount of lime, when added with a sodium salt, is all that is needed to solidify the fly ash.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%