Improvement of the crushing effect of waste printed circuit boards by co-heating swelling with organic solvent

Han, Jun; Chen, Duan; Lu, Qichang; Hua, Jiang; Fan, Xuchen; Wen, Pengfei; Yue, Ju

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.288

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Upon physical, chemical, electrical and thermal pre-treatment techniques, the embedded inner copper layers in the sandwiched-structure of PCBs should be liberated, and thus the separation of metal and non-metal fractions can be achieved. The utilisation of thermal pre-treatment [37,47,48] and organic solvent [19] prior to comminution enhances the liberation between metal and non-metals. This could alleviate the overall operational expenses during coarse PCB particles' pre-treatment.…”

Section: Coarse Pcb Particles' Pre-treatment Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crushing plays a vital role in PCBs recycling as this physical process influences metal liberation, grade and recovery [47]. The crushing process pertaining to the generation of coarse particles should yield enough metal liberation from the non-metal fraction to facilitate subsequent leaching reactions [19,47]. A higher degree of metal liberation can be achieved by reducing the particle size, though excessive comminution generates large amounts of fine particles, which is contrary to the objective [77,78].…”

Section: Mechanical/physical Pre-treatment Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coarse PCB particle pre-treatment techniques thus focus on weakening the PCB structure [19][20][21] by removing different components of PCBs, such as solder mask [22,23] and BERs [24][25][26][27][28]. To prevent the overgrinding of PCBs, size reduction with a shearing principle, such as cutting, is preferred as these techniques are more effective and less energy intensive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Pre-Treatment Techniques for Coarse Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) Recycling

et al. 2021

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Waste electrical and electronic equipment or e-waste generation has been skyrocketing over the last decades. This poses waste management and value recovery challenges, especially in developing countries. Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are mainly employed in value recovery operations. Despite the high energy costs of generating crushed and milled particles of the order of several microns, those are employed in conventional hydrometallurgical techniques. Coarse PCB pieces (of order a few centimetres) based value recovery operations are not reported at the industrial scale as the complexities of the internal structure of PCBs limit efficient metal and non-metal separation. Since coarse PCB particles’ pre-treatment is of paramount importance to enhance metal and non-metal separations, thermal, mechanical, chemical and electrical pre-treatment techniques were extensively studied. It is quite evident that a single pre-treatment technique does not result in complete metal liberation and therefore several pre-treatment flowsheets were formulated for coarse PCB particles. Thermal, mechanical and chemical pre-treatments integrated flowsheets were derived and such flowsheets are seldom reported in the e-waste literature. The potential flowsheets need to be assessed considering socio-techno-economic considerations to yield the best available technologies (BAT). In the wider context, the results of this work could be useful for achieving the United Nations sustainable development goals.

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Section: Coarse Pcb Particles' Pre-treatment Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical/physical Pre-treatment Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Pre-Treatment Techniques for Coarse Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) Recycling

et al. 2021

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“…Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are a major and critical constituent of electrical and electronic equipment [ 5 ] and the resultant waste PCBs (WPCBs) account for approximately 3–6 wt.% of total e-waste [ 6 , 7 ]. These WPCBs contain various precious metals, such as gold (Au), silver (Ag) and palladium (Pd) with concentrations tens or hundreds of times larger than than the natural ores [ 8 , 9 ] and have been regarded as an “urban mine” ( Figure 1 ). According to the content of Au, the WPCBs could be divided into low (100 g/t), medium (100–400 g/t), and high (400 g/t) grades [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioleaching of Typical Electronic Waste—Printed Circuit Boards (WPCBs): A Short Review

Yang

Wan

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The rapid pace of innovations and the frequency of replacement of electrical and electronic equipment has made waste printed circuit boards (WPCB) one of the fastest growing waste streams. The frequency of replacement of equipment can be caused by a limited time of proper functioning and increasing malfunctions. Resource utilization of WPCBs have become some of the most profitable companies in the recycling industry. To facilitate WPCB recycling, several advanced technologies such as pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy and biometallurgy have been developed. Bioleaching uses naturally occurring microorganisms and their metabolic products to recover valuable metals, which is a promising technology due to its cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and sustainability. However, there is sparse comprehensive research on WPCB bioleaching. Therefore, in this work, a short review was conducted from the perspective of potential microorganisms, bioleaching mechanisms and parameter optimization. Perspectives on future research directions are also discussed.

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“…Thus, it is predicted that the role of coal as the main primary energy source will not change in the next few decades. 7 − 9 Coal resources have significantly contributed to the national economy while also causing serious environmental pollution. A low-degree clean utilization of coal and stagnation in the percentage of permission have seriously restricted the quality and the efficiency of the enterprise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research of the Collision Mechanics Model and Time-Frequency Characteristics during the Multistage Variable-Inclination Screening Process for Clean Coal

Huang

Liu

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

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Equal-thickness screening is a critical part of mineral processing; recently, the multistage variable-inclination equal-thickness screen (MSVIETS) has been utilized in the mining industry across the world. In this work, a model of the collision mechanics between particles and the multistage variable-inclination screen surface was established. The maximum collision force ( F max ) was found to be closely related to amplitude, frequency, screen surface inclination, and number of stages. The time-frequency response characteristics of multistage (3-, 4-, and 5-STAGE) screen surfaces were studied by the vibration test analysis system. The permeation screen distribution law of grain groups on the screen surface was revealed. The obtained results show the best screening performance can be obtained from the 5-STAGE scheme with a screening efficiency of higher than 95% and total mismatch content of less than 2%. The synergistic mechanism between two of the parameters was revealed by Box–Behnken response surface methodology (BBRSM). Then, the correlation between the screening evaluation index and the multiple parameters was obtained, and the significant order of the parameters influencing the screening evaluation index was F t > f > n .

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Improvement of the crushing effect of waste printed circuit boards by co-heating swelling with organic solvent

Cited by 26 publications

References 35 publications

Assessment of Pre-Treatment Techniques for Coarse Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) Recycling

Assessment of Pre-Treatment Techniques for Coarse Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) Recycling

Bioleaching of Typical Electronic Waste—Printed Circuit Boards (WPCBs): A Short Review

Research of the Collision Mechanics Model and Time-Frequency Characteristics during the Multistage Variable-Inclination Screening Process for Clean Coal

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