Improvement of the CULTEX ® exposure technology by radial distribution of the test aerosol

Aufderheide, Michaela; Heller, Wolf-Dieter; Krischenowski, Olaf; Möhle, Niklas; Hochrainer, D.

doi:10.1016/j.etp.2017.02.004

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…As the number and type of ALI in vitro exposure systems continues to grow, the need for accurate aerosol dosimetry is complicated by the various sizes (6-24 mm) of cell culture inserts, as well as 35 mm petri dishes and the different geometries used in these systems. A significant number of publications on aerosol dosimetry in ALI in vitro exposure systems have utilized liquid particle aerosols like fluorescently tagged glycerol (Steiner et al 2017), mainstream tobacco smoke (Thorne et al , 2015Weber et al 2013;Adamson et al 2013;Majeed et al 2014;Ishikawa, Suzuki, and Nagata 2016a;Ishikawa et al 2016b;Aufderheide et al 2017) or aerosols from evapor products (Neilson et al 2015). Some of the liquid particle aerosols used, like mainstream tobacco smoke and aerosols from e-vapor products are chemically and temporally dynamic which complicates their quantitative aerosol dosimetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition efficiency and uniformity of monodisperse solid particle deposition in the Vitrocell® 24/48 Air–Liquid-Interface in vitro exposure system

Oldham

Castro

Zhang

et al. 2019

Aerosol Science and Technology

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A key to understanding biological response due to cell exposure to chemical constituents in aerosols is to accurately be able to determine the delivered dose. Deposition efficiency and uniformity of deposition was measured experimentally in the Vitrocell V R 24/48 air-liquidinterface (ALI) in vitro exposure system using monodisperse solid fluorescent particles with mass median aerodynamic diameters (MMAD) of 0.51, 1.1, 2.2 and 3.3 mm. Experimental results were compared with computational fluid dynamics (CFD; using both Lagrangian and Eulerian approaches) predicted deposition efficiency and uniformity for a single row (N ¼ 6) of cell culture inserts in the Vitrocell V R 24/48 system. Deposited fluorescent monodisperse particles were quantified using fluorescent microscopy and Image J software. Experiments were conducted using a suspension of two particle MMADs with each experiment being conducted a total of three times on different days. The average experimentally measured deposition efficiency ranged from a low of 0.013% for 0.51 mm MMAD particles to a maximum 0.86% for 3.3 mm MMAD particles. There was good agreement between the average experimentally measured and the CFD predicted particle deposition efficiency (regardless of approach) with agreement being slightly better at the smaller MMADs. Experimentally measured and CFD predicted average uniformity of deposition was >45% of the mean and within 15% of the mean for 0.51 mm and 2.2 MMAD mm particles, respectively. Experimentally measured average uniformity of deposition was between 15 and 45% of the mean while CFD predictions were within 15% of the mean for 1.1 and 3.3 mm MMAD particles. The deposition efficiency and uniformity across the cell culture inserts for solid particles should be considered when designing exposure regimens using the Vitrocell V R 24/48 ALI in vitro exposure system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition efficiency and uniformity of monodisperse solid particle deposition in the Vitrocell® 24/48 Air–Liquid-Interface in vitro exposure system

Oldham

Castro

Zhang

et al. 2019

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…The exposure technology selected is reported to allow for an optimal and uniform distribution of particles of different dimensions among the different inserts with minimal losses 57 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The deposition of particles, according to the size and density was calculated considering impaction and random sedimentation 61 . Previous studies have shown that the deposition efficiency of micro and nanoparticles have a higher stability of the systems in terms of even distribution of the mass deposited and a high efficiency of deposition at different size ranges 57 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to urban nanoparticles at low PM$$_1$$ concentrations as a source of oxidative stress and inflammation

Costabile,

Gualtieri,

Rinaldi

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Exposures to fine particulate matter (PM$$_1$$ 1 ) have been associated with health impacts, but the understanding of the PM$$_1$$ 1 concentration-response (PM$$_1$$ 1 -CR) relationships, especially at low PM$$_1$$ 1 , remains incomplete. Here, we present novel data using a methodology to mimic lung exposure to ambient air (2$$<PM_1<$$ < P M 1 < 60 $$\upmu$$ μ g m$$^{-3}$$ - 3 ), with minimized sampling artifacts for nanoparticles. A reference model (Air Liquid Interface cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells, BEAS-2B) was used for aerosol exposure. Non-linearities observed in PM$$_1$$ 1 -CR curves are interpreted as a result of the interplay between the aerosol total oxidative potential (OP$$_t$$ t ) and its distribution across particle size (d$$_p$$ p ). A d$$_p$$ p -dependent condensation sink (CS) is assessed together with the distribution with d$$_p$$ p of reactive species . Urban ambient aerosol high in OP$$_t$$ t , as indicated by the DTT assay, with (possibly copper-containing) nanoparticles, shows higher pro-inflammatory and oxidative responses, this occurring at lower PM$$_1$$ 1 concentrations (< 5 $$\upmu$$ μ g m$$^{-3}$$ - 3 ). Among the implications of this work, there are recommendations for global efforts to go toward the refinement of actual air quality standards with metrics considering the distribution of OP$$_t$$ t with d$$_p$$ p also at relatively low PM$$_1$$ 1 .

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Key challenges for in vitro testing of tobacco products for regulatory applications: Recommendations for dosimetry

Miller-Holt¹,

Behrsing

Crooks

et al. 2022

Drug Testing and Analysis

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The Institute for In Vitro Sciences (IIVS) is sponsoring a series of workshops to develop recommendations for optimal scientific and technical approaches for conducting in vitro assays to assess potential toxicity within and across tobacco and various next‐generation products (NGPs) including heated tobacco products (HTPs) and electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDSs). This publication was developed by a working group of the workshop members in conjunction with the sixth workshop in that series entitled “Dosimetry for conducting in vitro evaluations” and focuses on aerosol dosimetry for aerosol exposure to combustible cigarettes, HTP, and ENDS aerosolized tobacco products and summarizes the key challenges as well as documenting areas for future research.

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Improvement of the CULTEX ® exposure technology by radial distribution of the test aerosol

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Deposition efficiency and uniformity of monodisperse solid particle deposition in the Vitrocell® 24/48 Air–Liquid-Interface in vitro exposure system

Deposition efficiency and uniformity of monodisperse solid particle deposition in the Vitrocell® 24/48 Air–Liquid-Interface in vitro exposure system

Exposure to urban nanoparticles at low PM$$_1$$ concentrations as a source of oxidative stress and inflammation

Key challenges for in vitro testing of tobacco products for regulatory applications: Recommendations for dosimetry

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