Improvement of the transparency, mechanical, and shape memory properties of polymethylmethacrylate/titania hybrid films using tetrabutylphosphonium chloride

Abstract

The crosslink density adjustment strategy based on tetrabutylphosphonium chloride allows for the design of multifunctional hybrid polymer materials that are optically clear and combine excellent mechanical and shape memory properties.

Melt-Moldable Copolymethacrylate/Titania Thermoreversible Polymer Networks with Shape Memory

“…This result was observed probably because TBPC was positioned such that it filled the voids in the mesh structure. Although the detailed binding mode of TBPC and MMA requires further investigation, the binding of the carbonyl groups between TBPC and MMA was confirmed by IR analysis. Moreover, it has been reported that the ionic liquid and the inorganic surfaces of the hydroxyl groups form hydrogen bonds, which contribute to the dispersion stability of the nanoparticles by inhibiting the formation of hydrogen bonds between the nanoparticles. − Therefore, the driving force for the localization of TBPC was probably derived from the hydrogen bond between the hydroxyl group on the titania surface and the chlorine ion of TBPC and from the weak electrostatic interaction between the carbonyl group of MMA and the phosphonium cation of TBPC.…”

“…Effect of TBPC on the thermodynamic properties of MA-PMMA/titania hybrid films with different TiOPr and TBPC contents by weight: (A) DMA curves; (B) temperature-dependent strain; (C) Stress–strain curves; and (D) DSC heating curves recorded at a heating rate of 10 °C min –1 under an N 2 atmosphere, where the plots are shifted for clarity. The previously reported temperature-dependent strain obtained for a co-PMMA/titania hybrid film that incorporated silane groups of 5 wt % 3-(trimethoxysilyl)­propyl methacrylate with 15 wt % TiOPr and 40 wt % TBPC (i.e., SI-Ti15TB40) is also reported in (B) for comparison …”

“…However, the presence of inorganic components in the hybrid organic–inorganic material results in the production of random crosslinked structures owing to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the oxygen or nitrogen atoms in the main and side polymer chains and the hydroxyl groups present on the surfaces of the inorganic components. This leads to unexpected physical and chemical effects that can substantially degrade the desirable characteristics of the polymers such as its workability, flexibility, and shape-memory properties. − This greatly limits the development of hybrid materials with multiple functionalities.…”

“…Generally, the strength of the polymer can be improved by limiting agglomeration of particles in the filler . In contrast, a hybrid polymer prepared by the sol–gel method enables the excellent dispersion of the inorganic component in the hybrid polymer by adjusting the inorganic component in situ . However, with an increase in the surface area of the inorganic filler, the interactions between the polymer and the hydroxyl groups on the inorganic surface also increase.…”

Polycarbonate/Titania Hybrid Films with Localized Photo-Induced Magnetic-Phase Transition

“…The ESR intensity derived from Ti 3+ completely disappeared after 2 h of incubation above T g , whereas it exhibited no change when the sample was incubated at room temperature for 12 h. Furthermore, our previous study has reported Ti 3+ that is generated in the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-titania hybrid system, which featured a higher Tg than PC100. It completely disappeared in one day at room temperature [ 43 ]. It can be concluded that heating the hybrid film above T g eliminated the packing structure that is important for oxygen tightness.…”