Improvement of Wettability between Steel and Liquid Zn–Al Alloy by Forced Wetting

Giorgi, Marie-Laurence; Diawara, Jules; Rivollier, Matthieu; Duval, Hervé; Koltsov, Alexey

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2018-147

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…[19,20] Various methods have been employed to study the reactive wetting of steels upon galvanizing. [21][22][23] The transition from internal to external oxidation of Fe-Mn alloyed steels have been studied [24] and it was observed that increasing the annealing dew point promotes internal oxidation. The oxides phases formed on Fe-Mn-Cr alloyed steels also have been studied with simulations and experiments [25,26] and showed that adding Cr to the Fe-Mn-based steel alloys results in the formation of (Mn,Cr,Fe) 3 O 4 spinel during annealing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Oxidation and Wettability of Fe–Mn and Fe–Mn–Si-Alloyed Steel After Annealing

You

Kim

Kwakernaak

et al. 2022

Metall Mater Trans A

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The surface oxidation and wettability of Mn and Si-alloyed steel after annealing at different conditions are studied with scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and a so-called de-wetting method. After exposure at 950 °C for 1 hour in an Ar + 5 vol pct H2 gas atmosphere with dew points (DP) ranging from – 40 °C to 10 °C, oxides were observed along the grain boundaries or dispersed on the surface for the Fe–1.8 Mn steels while a continuous oxides layer was formed on Fe–1.9 Mn–0.94 Si steels (composition in weight fractions). The oxides formed at different DPs were predicted based on thermodynamic calculations. (Fe,Mn)O was formed on Fe–1.8 Mn steel at the whole range of DPs, while the oxide phase on Fe–1.9 Mn–0.94 Si steel depends on the DP. At low-DP SiO2 were formed and with increasing the DP (Fe,Mn)SiO3 or (Fe,Mn)SiO3 + (Fe,Mn)2SiO4 were formed and finally (Fe,Mn)2SiO4 were formed. An increase of the fraction of Fe in the oxide with increasing DP for both steels was observed with XPS analysis. As a measure for the surface wettability, the contact angle of Pb droplets on the annealed steels surfaces was determined with SEM and image analysis software. Also, the contact angle of Pb on pure Fe and on the Mn and Si alloyed steels free of surface oxides was measured for comparison. The results show that the contact angle of Pb on the steel surfaces after annealing decreases with increasing DP. This improved wettability with increasing dew point is related to the Fe fraction of the oxides formed on the surface.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Oxidation and Wettability of Fe–Mn and Fe–Mn–Si-Alloyed Steel After Annealing

You

Kim

Kwakernaak

et al. 2022

Metall Mater Trans A

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Wetting and spreading of Cu(Cr) melt over the Cr2AlC MAX phase

Zhevnenko¹,

Gorshenkov²

2022

Materials Letters

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The proper orthogonal decomposition: A powerful tool for studying drop oscillations

Giorgi

Duval

Balabane

2021

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Liquid metal drops are released onto different wettable solid substrates. Their post-impact oscillations are recorded at 1000 images/s as soon as the triple line is at rest. The proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is used to get and identify the frequencies involved. The POD is a technique widely used in the fluid dynamics community to study turbulent flows, but it is not used to determine droplet-free oscillation frequencies. The vertical and horizontal vibration frequencies of the sessile drop center of mass are successfully extracted from the images by POD. The first POD mode captures the vertical displacement frequency, and the second or third POD mode captures the horizontal displacement frequency of the drop center of mass. The spatial structure of the modes is the characteristic of the vertical and horizontal movement. Therefore, the POD can be used instead of the interface displacement tracking to determine the free oscillation frequencies of liquid metal drops and, more generally, of any vibrating sessile drops. As it is a standardized method, it can be used with confidence for routine measurements, especially for sensors.

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Improvement of Wettability between Steel and Liquid Zn–Al Alloy by Forced Wetting

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

Surface Oxidation and Wettability of Fe–Mn and Fe–Mn–Si-Alloyed Steel After Annealing

Surface Oxidation and Wettability of Fe–Mn and Fe–Mn–Si-Alloyed Steel After Annealing

Wetting and spreading of Cu(Cr) melt over the Cr2AlC MAX phase

The proper orthogonal decomposition: A powerful tool for studying drop oscillations

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