Improvement on out-of-plane impact resistance of CFRP laminates due to through-the-thickness stitching

Yoshimura, Akinori; Nakao, Tomoaki; Yashiro, Shigeki; Takeda, Nobuo

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.04.019

Cited by 66 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This also means that the improvement effect of impact damage resistance due to stitching becomes greater at higher impact energy. Some researchers have made this observation when comparing unstitched and stitched laminates [38,40,41,47]. Mouritz [47] has reasoned that when impact energy is low, the delamination crack is short, thus fewer stitches are bridging the short delamination crack and the effect of suppressing delamination growth is less significant than a longer delamination crack, whereby the bridging zone is fully developed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The impact area is known as the impact-compression zone in many studies [41,44,52]. Hou et al [52] and Yoshimura et al [41] have demonstrated experimentally that there is a delamination free region under the impactor in this impact-compression zone. Davies and Zhang [44] explained that this region at the centreline of the impactor is a low shear region and is in a state of through-thickness compression, so delamination do not start from here.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In stitched composites, impact damage behaviour is further complicated by the presence of through-thickness stitching, which not only positively increases mode I and II inter-laminar strength [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], but also inadvertently creates geometrical defects like misalignment of in-plane fibres and weak resin-rich pockets around stitch threads [31][32][33]. There is a fair amount of publications on the study of low-velocity impact damage of stitched composites [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Researchers generally investigate the effect of stitching on impact resistance by comparing delamination growth of unstitched and stitched composites, typically determined by using ultrasonic C-scan analysis or X-ray radiography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

X-ray radiography and micro-computed tomography examination of damage characteristics in stitched composites subjected to impact loading

Tan

Watanabe

Iwahori

2011

Composites Part B: Engineering

205

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

X-ray radiography and micro-computed tomography examination of damage characteristics in stitched composites subjected to impact loading

Tan

Watanabe

Iwahori

2011

Composites Part B: Engineering

205

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“…They are conventionally manufactured as laminates of unidirectional carbon or glass fibers reinforcing a polymeric matrix. Despite unquestioned mechanical and economic advantages, man‐made multilayered structures still suffer from severe drawbacks including delamination caused by high interlayer stresses, poor out‐of‐plane impact resistance, and weak in‐plane compressive behavior dominated by collective fiber microbuckling . Understanding the intimate link between design criteria, functional requirements, and environmental constrains resulting in the helicoidal arrangements in Nature's materials can help to tackle the weaknesses of synthetic composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood‐Inspired 3D‐Printed Helical Composites with Tunable and Enhanced Mechanical Performance

Zorzetto

Ruffoni

2018

Adv Funct Materials

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Helical fibers are versatile building blocks used by Nature to improve mechanical performance and to tune local behavior of load-bearing materials. Helicoidal biocomposites are arranged in multiple layers with different fiber orientations. Such heterogeneity, not matched in synthetic materials, provides biological structures with superior properties. This is the case of the multilayer tube-like structure of the wood cell wall, where each ply features a compliant matrix reinforced by stiff helicoidal microfibrils. Here, 3D polyjet printing and computer simulations are combined to investigate wood-inspired helix-reinforced cylinders. Composites with a main layer containing helicoidal fibers, bordered by inner and outer plies having thinner fibrils are considered. It is shown how the mechanical functionalities of the synthetic structures can be programmed by varying fibers/fibrils orientation and matrix compliance. It is demonstrated that failure resistance can be enhanced by enclosing the main helicoidal layer with a minimum amount of thin fibrils oriented perpendicular to the applied load, as observed in wood. Finite element simulations are used to highlight the critical role of the matrix in load-transfer mechanisms among stiff elements. These structures have the potential to be assembled into larger systems, leading to graded composites with region-specific properties optimized for multiple functionalities.

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“…The enhancement of the CAI strength was dependent on friction between Z‐pin and composite structure . Stitching improved fracture toughness failure mode‐I behavior, thereby increasing the damage resistance of 2D stitched composites . Stitching directions and density, type of the stitching fiber, and type of stitch influence the mechanical properties of multi‐stitched composites .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of multi‐stitched woven nano composites under compression after low velocity impact (CALVI) load

Bilişik

2017

Polymer Composites

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The purpose of this research was to determine the compression after low velocity impact (CALVI) properties of multi‐stitched nano composite. It was obtained that the CALVI strength of the multi‐stitched nano composite was higher than that of the unstitched composites with or without the nanomaterial. In addition, stitching types (hand stitch or machine stitch) and the particle size of nanomaterial or micro material types were found to be important structural parameters for the multi‐stitched nano composites. The CALVI load applied on the multi‐stitched nano composite resulted in lateral damages close to the impacted indentation region. The failure modes of the damaged zone were local matrix‐fiber debonding and delamination, kinking, and local multiple matrix‐fiber breakages in the in‐plane and out‐of‐plane directions of the composite. Multi‐stitched nano composite showed large damaged areas but the out‐of‐plane layer delamination was confined to relatively small areas. Thus, multi‐stitching and nano particle addition enhanced the CALVI properties of the composite structures. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:3750–3764, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Improvement on out-of-plane impact resistance of CFRP laminates due to through-the-thickness stitching

Cited by 66 publications

References 21 publications

X-ray radiography and micro-computed tomography examination of damage characteristics in stitched composites subjected to impact loading

X-ray radiography and micro-computed tomography examination of damage characteristics in stitched composites subjected to impact loading

Wood‐Inspired 3D‐Printed Helical Composites with Tunable and Enhanced Mechanical Performance

Characterization of multi‐stitched woven nano composites under compression after low velocity impact (CALVI) load

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