Improvements in Laboratory Rearing of the Southern Corn Rootworm,<i>Diabrotica undecimpuncta howardi</i>Barber (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), on an Artificial Diet and Corn

Marrone, Pamela G.; Ferri, Fulvio; Mosley, T. R.; Meinke, Lance J.

doi:10.1093/jee/78.1.290

Cited by 56 publications

(58 citation statements)

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“…JB and WCR were fed an artificial diet of casein and wheat germ modified from ref. 40 with or without the synthetic cysteine inhibitor E-64 (50 nmol). A group of 15 JB or WCR was fed the control diet or the artificial diet with E-64.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic increase in carbon dioxide compromises plant defense against invasive insects

Zavala

Casteel

DeLucia

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

199

163

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Elevated levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), a consequence of anthropogenic global change, can profoundly affect the interactions between crop plants and insect pests and may promote yet another form of global change: the rapid establishment of invasive species. Elevated CO 2 increased the susceptibility of soybean plants grown under field conditions to the invasive Japanese beetle ( Popillia japonica ) and to a variant of western corn rootworm ( Diabrotica virgifera virgifera ) resistant to crop rotation by down-regulating gene expression related to defense signaling [lipoxygenase 7 ( lox7 ), lipoxygenase 8 ( lox8 ), and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase ( acc-s )]. The down-regulation of these genes, in turn, reduced the production of cysteine proteinase inhibitors (CystPIs), which are specific deterrents to coleopteran herbivores. Beetle herbivory increased CystPI activity to a greater degree in plants grown under ambient than under elevated CO 2 . Gut cysteine proteinase activity was higher in beetles consuming foliage of soybeans grown under elevated CO 2 than in beetles consuming soybeans grown in ambient CO 2 , consistent with enhanced growth and development of these beetles on plants grown in elevated CO 2 . These findings suggest that predicted increases in soybean productivity under projected elevated CO 2 levels may be reduced by increased susceptibility to invasive crop pests.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic increase in carbon dioxide compromises plant defense against invasive insects

Zavala

Casteel

DeLucia

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

199

163

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“…SCR (D. undecimpunctata howardi) bioassay screenings were performed via surface inoculation of an artificial diet (30), but without formalin. Spore-crystal suspensions or gradient-purified protein crystals were prepared in a diluent (an aqueous 0.005% Triton X-100 solution) and applied to the surface of the diet.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binary Toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis Active against the Western Corn Rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte

Baum

Chu²,

Rupar³

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, is a significant pest of corn in the United States. The development of transgenic corn hybrids resistant to rootworm feeding damage depends on the identification of genes encoding insecticidal proteins toxic to rootworm larvae. In this study, a bioassay screen was used to identify several isolates of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis active against rootworm. These bacterial isolates each produce distinct crystal proteins with approximate molecular masses of 13 to 15 kDa and 44 kDa. Insect bioassays demonstrated that both protein classes are required for insecticidal activity against this rootworm species. The genes encoding these proteins are organized in apparent operons and are associated with other genes encoding crystal proteins of unknown function. The antirootworm proteins produced by B. thuringiensis strains EG5899 and EG9444 closely resemble previously described crystal proteins of the Cry34A and Cry35A classes. The antirootworm proteins produced by strain EG4851, designated Cry34Ba1 and Cry35Ba1, represent a new binary toxin. Genes encoding these proteins could become an important component of a sustainable resistance management strategy against this insect pest.

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“…Test materials were applied to the surface of casein and wheat germ modified artificial diet for corn rootworm (26). Forty-eight-well plates with a surface area of 0.78 cm 2 were treated by using an application rate of 125 l of treatment suspension per well.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Bacillus thuringiensis Binary Insecticidal Crystal Proteins Active on Western Corn Rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte

Ellis¹,

Stockhoff²,

Stamp³

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

127

110

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A new family of insecticidal crystal proteins was discovered by screening sporulated Bacillus thuringiensis cultures for oral activity against western corn rootworm (WCR) larvae. B. thuringiensis isolates PS80JJ1, PS149B1, and PS167H2 have WCR insecticidal activity attributable to parasporal inclusion bodies containing proteins with molecular masses of ca. 14 and 44 kDa. The genes encoding these polypeptides reside in apparent operons, and the 14-kDa protein open reading frame (ORF) precedes the 44-kDa protein ORF. Mutagenesis of either gene in the apparent operons dramatically reduced insecticidal activity of the corresponding recombinant B. thuringiensis strain. Bioassays performed with separately expressed, biochemically purified 14-and 44-kDa polypeptides also demonstrated that both proteins are required for WCR mortality. Sequence comparisons with other known B. thuringiensis insecticidal proteins failed to reveal homology with previously described Cry, Cyt, or Vip proteins. However, there is evidence that the 44-kDa polypeptide and the 41.9-and 51.4-kDa binary dipteran insecticidal proteins from Bacillus sphaericus are evolutionarily related. The 14-and 44-kDa polypeptides from isolates PS80JJ1, PS149B1, and PS167H2 have been designated Cry34Aa1, Cry34Ab1, and Cry34Ac1, respectively, and the 44-kDa polypeptides from these isolates have been designated Cry35Aa1, Cry35Ab1, and Cry35Ac1, respectively.

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Improvements in Laboratory Rearing of the Southern Corn Rootworm,Diabrotica undecimpuncta howardiBarber (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), on an Artificial Diet and Corn

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

Anthropogenic increase in carbon dioxide compromises plant defense against invasive insects

Anthropogenic increase in carbon dioxide compromises plant defense against invasive insects

Binary Toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis Active against the Western Corn Rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte

Novel Bacillus thuringiensis Binary Insecticidal Crystal Proteins Active on Western Corn Rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte

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