Improvements of mid‐thigh circumferences following robotic rehabilitation in hemiparetic stroke patients

Abstract

IntroductionStroke has emerged as the leading cause of disability globally. The provision of long‐term rehabilitation to stroke survivors poses a health care burden to many countries. Robotic devices have created a major turning point in stroke rehabilitation program. Currently, the anthropometric evidence to support the benefit of robotic rehabilitation (RR) among stroke patients is scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of RR on the mid‐thigh circumferences of the paretic limbs in stroke patients.MethodsTwenty stroke patients from conventional rehabilitation (CR) (n = 10) and RR (n = 10) groups were recruited through a purposive sampling method. Patients in the CR group received a two‐hour session of a five‐day‐a‐week home‐based CR program for 4 weeks. Patients in the RR group received a five‐day‐a‐week of an hour combined physiotherapy and occupational therapy session and a one‐hour robotic therapy session using the HAL® Cyberdyne lower‐limb, for 4 weeks. The mid‐thigh circumferences of both limbs were measured on day 1 (baseline), week 2 and week 4 of rehabilitation program.ResultsThe results revealed no statistically significant difference in the mid‐thigh circumferences between the paretic (F1.05,9.44 = 1.96, p = 0.20), and the normal (F1.05,9.44 = 1.96, p = 0.20) sides in the CR group (n = 10). For the comparison between the paretic and normal sides in the RR group (n = 10), the paretic mid‐thigh circumferences revealed significant time effect results (F2,18 = 11.91, p = 0.001), which were due to changes between baseline and week 2, and baseline and week 4 measurements. Interestingly, the normal mid‐thigh circumferences also revealed a significant time effect (F2,18 = 6.56, p = 0.007), which is due to changes between baseline and week 4. One‐way analysis of variance was employed to compare the mean average between groups due to the difference in the baseline measurements of the mid‐thigh circumferences between the paretic side of the CR and the RR groups. With this adjustment, the average means mid‐thigh circumferences after 4 weeks of therapy were shown to be significantly different between the CR and RR groups (F1,18 = 12.49, p = 0.02).ConclusionSignificant increments in the mid‐thigh circumferences following RR were seen in the paretic limbs of stroke patients. Hence, this study may provide some insights into further potential research related to the benefits of RR in stroke patients.