Improving Adherence to Screening Follow-Up Among Women with Abnormal Pap Smears: Results from a Large Clinic-Based Trial of Three Intervention Strategies

Interventions targeted at women to encourage the uptake of cervical screening

“…Encouragingly though, in a recent survey of Muslim Turkish women who mostly accept talking about sex as a taboo, the majority of women felt the recommendations from health workers was the major influence in attending screening and accepting the HPV vaccination for their daughters (Ilter 2010). Given the complex nature of the factors involved a number of interventions have therefore been based on theoretical models of health behaviour, such as the Health Belief Model (Kreuter 1996;Marcus 1992) and the Transtheoretical Model (Rimer 1999). It is important to realise that because of differences between populations, interventions that are effective in one setting may not be as effective in another.…”

“…Fifteen were quasi randomised (Baele 1998;Chumworathayi 2007;Hicks 1997;Hou 2002;Hou 2005;Lantz 1995;Lantz 1996;Levine 2003;Marcus 1992;Margolis 1998;Maxwell 2003;Park 2005;Paskett 1990;Ward 1999;Yancey 1995), three studies included participants who may have been screened before receiving the intervention (Dignan 1996;Dignan 1998;Gotay 2000), ten studies used an intervention aimed at either the physician or both the physician and patient (Boissel 1995;Bonevski 1999;Campbell 1997;Cecchini 1989;Hillman 1998;Litzelman 1993;Manfredi 1998;Nguyen 2000;Roetzheim 2004;Roetzheim 2005), seven studies used an intervention or an outcome that was not strictly concerned with increasing uptake (Brewster 2002;Del Mar 1995;Holloway 2003;Katz 2007;Paul 2003;Philips 2006;Sankaranarayanan 2003;), nine studies concerned intervention aimed at improving follow-up of an abnormal smear results rather than initial Pap screening uptake (Engelstad 2005;Lauver 1990;Marcus 1998;Miller 1999;Paske...…”

Cervical Cancer Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment Interventions for Racial and Ethnic Minorities: A Systematic Review

“…Review of the reference lists of relevant review articles and of all included studies identified one additional article for inclusion. 31 Therefore, 31 studies were included in this systematic review.…”

“…26 Of the studies of interventions to improve the diagnosis and treatment of premalignant disease of the cervix, three were of good quality [27][28][29] and three were of fair quality. 24,30,31 The single study that included both types of interventions was of fair quality. 42 The average modified DB score of included articles was 15 (range 9-23).…”

“…27,28 One study created a streamlined process for cervical cancer screening and follow up of abnormalities 29 ; one included intensive follow up and/or vouchers for reducedcost care 30 ; and one included a personalized letter and pamphlet and/or an audiovisual presentation and/or transportation incentives. 31 One study included written educational materials, education programs, and messages in the media 24 ; and one evaluated the Breast and Cervical Cancer Prevention and Treatment Act of 2000, which authorized Medicaid expansion to cover treatment of patients screened under the Breast and Cervical Cancer Mortality Prevention Act and found to have an abnormal Pap smear. 42 …”