Improving biocompatibility of cobalt based alloy using chemical etching and mechanical treatment

Abstract

Biomedical grade of cobalt based alloy have found a plethora of applications as medical devices especially in dental and articulation joints like in total ankle, knee and hip arthroplasty. However, the long‐term performance of this material is highly dependent on their ability to withstand in harsh aqueous environment effects such as corrosion and wear once they are used inside a human body. Loss of surface integrity and subsequent leaching of toxic metal ions as well as particles to the surrounding tissues may undermine biocompatibility of metallic implants, also potentially causing untimely loss of mechanical function and device failure. In this study, a biomedical grade of Co−Cr−Mo alloy surface was treated with various surface modification techniques such as chemical etching and mechanical roughening in order to improve its biocompatibility. Investigation was done to study which surface modification techniques possesses the positive effect in cell growth and exhibit excellent cell response on Co−Cr−Mo alloy. In‐vitro study showed that human osteoblast cells grown with good adherence and spread out with an intimate contact on the chemical treated surface after 14 days of incubation. It is believed that porous structure with grooves owned by chemical treated surface helps in anchoring the cells to the substrate surface and facilitates cells growth since more protein molecules expected to have more sites on this surface. Whilst on mechanical roughened surface, the cells appeared to show slightly less extended cell membranes and the cells remained retarded.

Advanced Biomaterials and 3D Printing Technologies in Bone Repair

“…Nowadays many types of industrial metals are available, however, since bio-implants are implanted in the human body, only a few metals can meet the requirements for development as bio-implants. Conventional implants, which have been extensively used for orthopedic applications and are constructed of Ti-based alloys , stainless steel (Brooks et al, 2017;Teo et al, 2021), and cobalt-based alloys (Mas Ayu et al, 2019), will remain inside the body permanently after its implantation. Magnesium (Maier et al, 2020;Zeller-Plumhoff et al, 2021) are also classified as implants as biodegradable materials, in addition to the metals indicated above.…”

Progress in partially degradable titanium-magnesium composites used as biomedical implants

“…Nowadays many types of industrial metals are available, however, since bio-implants are implanted in the human body, only a few metals can meet the requirements for development as bio-implants. Conventional implants, which have been extensively used for orthopedic applications and are constructed of Ti-based alloys ( Liu et al, 2019 ; Yan et al, 2019 ), stainless steel ( Brooks et al, 2017 ; Teo et al, 2021 ), and cobalt-based alloys ( Mas Ayu et al, 2019 ), will remain inside the body permanently after its implantation. Magnesium ( Maier et al, 2020 ; Wu et al, 2021 ; Zeller-Plumhoff et al, 2021 ) are also classified as implants as biodegradable materials, in addition to the metals indicated above.…”

Effect of Polylactic Acid/Hydroxyapatite Coating on Dental Implant Using Finite Element Method

“…The success of dental implant critically depends on the initial stability and long-term of osseointegration of dental implant with the surrounding mandible bone where the implant being planted. Previous researcher proof that a study on surface modification on biomaterial such as coating techniques helps improve bone strength and its initial osseointegration rate [1]. The stability of dental implant can be achieved by having an excellent optimal stress distribution of dental implant to the surrounding mandible bone [2].…”