Improving Chronic Diabetic Wound Healing through an Injectable and Self-Healing Hydrogel with Platelet-Rich Plasma Release

Abstract

Diabetic skin ulcer is one of the severe complications of diabetes mellitus, which has a high incidence and may cause death or disability. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used in the treatment of diabetic wounds due to the effect of growth factors (GFs) derived from it. However, the relatively short half-life of GFs limits their applications in clinics. In addition, the presence of a large amount of proteases in the diabetic wound microenvironment results in the degradation of GFs, which further impedes angiogenesis and diabetic wound healing. In our study, we fabricated a self-healing and injectable hydrogel with a composite of chitosan, silk fibroin, and PRP (CBPGCTS–SF@PRP) for promoting diabetic wound healing. CBPGCTS–SF@PRP could protect PRP from enzymatic hydrolysis, release PRP sustainably, and enhance the chemotaxis of mesenchymal stem cells. The results showed that it could promote the proliferation of repair cells in vitro. Moreover, it could enhance wound healing by expediting collagen deposition, angiogenesis, and nerve repair in a type 2 diabetic rat model and a rat skin defect model. We hope that this study will offer a new treatment for diabetic nonhealing wounds in clinics.

3D Printing of Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Laden with an Antimicrobial Agent towards Wound Healing Applications

“…Afterward, the discs were weighed, dried in a vacuum oven at a temperature of 50 • C for 3 days, and then weighed again. The samples were immersed in the pre-warmed PBS and water at 20 and 37 • C. At various time intervals (5,15,30,60,120,180,240, 300, 360, 1440 min), small volumes (0.2 mL) of the solution were collected and added to vials containing 1.8 mL of water and PBS for spectrophotometric measurements of the OCT concentration. The taken volumes (0.2 mL) were replaced by a new portion of water/PBS.…”

“…New research in chronic wound healing presents an innovative therapeutic strategy by using three-dimensional (3-D) hydrogel-based materials with superior therapeutic potential [3,4]. Hydrogel-based chronic wound dressings exhibit multifunctional properties, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, sustained diffusion of bioactive molecules, high cell/drug embedding rate, pore structure, and appropriate mechanical strength [5]. Additionally, modern hydrogel patches have been engineered to absorb large amounts of wound exudate while maintaining an appropriate amount of moisture at the interface between a healing wound and an applied 3-D dressing [6].…”

Nanofiber/hydrogel Core-shell Scaffolds With Three-dimensional Multilayer Patterned Structure for Accelerating Diabetic Wound Healing

“…Finally, the solution was lyophilized to get a white foam which was stored at -20 ℃ until further use. 1 H-NMR spectroscopy was used to detect the methacrylate groups grafted on the gelatin and the spectra were recorded in D 2 O on a Varian Mercury-400 MHz NMR spectrometer (Palo Alto, CA).…”

“…Spectra were recorded on a Nicolet 6700 FT-IR spectrometer by the accumulation of 32 scans with a resolution of 4 cm −1 and a spectral range of 4000-500 cm −1 . The chemical composition of scaffolds was also veri ed by 1 H NMR (AVANCE 400MHZ).…”

“…As a kind of serious complication of diabetes mellitus with high morbidity and risk of amputation, diabetic wounds have become a global health concern with the increase in the incidence of diabetes [1,2]. Impaired angiogenesis in diabetic wound sites is one of the predominant reasons for those nonhealing wounds [3].…”