Improving Cycling Behaviors of Dockless Bike-Sharing Users Based on an Extended Theory of Planned Behavior and Credit-Based Supervision Policies in China

Abstract

Motivating users’ civilized cycling plays a significant role in alleviating the troubles of dockless bike-sharing programs (DBSPs) and promoting the sustainable development of bike-sharing organizations. Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and observed practices in China, this study develops a theoretical framework to examine how attitudes (ATT), subjective norms (SN), perceived behavioral control (PBC), and personal norms (PN) motivate users’ civilized cycling behavior through civilized cycling intentions. Furthermore, the moderating effect of perceived policy effectiveness (PPE) between users’ civilized cycling intention and their actual behavior is tested. Using structural equation model-multiple group analysis (SEM-MGA) for a sample of 874 valid questionnaire responses in Beijing and Shanghai, China, our results reveal that (1) ATT, PBC, and PN are positively related to both users’ civilized cycling intentions and their actual behavior, while SN positively affect users’ civilized cycling intention only; (2) users’ civilized cycling intentions mediate the relationship between the four influencing factors and their actual behavior; and (3) PPE plays a moderating role for the effect of users’ civilized cycling intentions on their actual civilized cycling behavior. Our results indicate that the four influencing factors can encourage users’ civilized cycling behavior, especially when civilized cycling intention exists. Policies like credit-based supervision mechanisms could promote users’ civilized-cycling intentions, which could then be transformed into actual behavior.

Fitnesser’s Intrinsic Motivations of Green Eating: An Integration of Theory of Planned Behavior and Hedonic-Motivation System Adoption Model

“…A number of studies agreed that TPB predicted different behaviors via external variables and antecedents (e.g., Chen and Hung, 2016;Paul et al, 2016;Hsu et al, 2017;Al-Jubari, 2019;Sun et al, 2019;Hoque and Hossan, 2020;Parash et al, 2020;Si et al, 2020;Uzun and Kilis, 2020). A meta-analysis conducted by Hagger et al (2002) confirmed that the three aforesaid factors can be used to predict behavioral intentions and behavior.…”

Trends in Transportation Modes and Time among Chinese Population from 2002 to 2012

“…Therefore, many countries strongly support cycling. Bike share programs were implemented as alternatives to motor vehicle use in Europe, Asia, and America [44][45][46], which provided convenience, low cost, reduced carbon, more efficient travel, health benefits, and decreased risk of bicycle crashes [44,47,48]. Given the association between transportation and human health, it is imperative that public health issues are considered in designing urban and transportation systems.…”

Elucidating the Effect of Antecedents on Consumers’ Green Purchase Intention: An Extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior

“…According to this model, consumer attitudes toward behavior are determined by their accessible beliefs about environmentally friendly production, where beliefs are defined as the subjective probabilities that the behavior will yield certain outcomes. Specifically, the evaluation of each outcome brings the attitude in direct proportion to the person’s subjective probability that the behavior produces the outcome in question ( Kalafatis et al, 1999 ; Ajzen, 2002 ; Chen et al, 2009 ; Han and Kim, 2010 ; Han et al, 2010 ; Cheon et al, 2012 ; Jekauc et al, 2015 ; Yadav and Pathak, 2017 ; Zampetakis et al, 2017 ; Verma and Chandra, 2018 ; Sun et al, 2019 ). Subjective norms are an individual’s perceptions of a particular behavior, which are strongly influenced by the judgments of others ( Trumbo and O’Keefe, 2005 ; Chung, 2016 ; Yadav and Pathak, 2017 ; Verma and Chandra, 2018 ).…”