Improving drainage water quality: Constructed wetlands-performance assessment using multivariate and cost analysis

Hawary, A. El; Shaban, Mohamed

doi:10.1016/j.wsj.2018.07.001

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As the quality of the surface water used varies from season to year, water quality is an important factor. If the water is contaminated by various pollutants, it can affect agricultural productivity [5,6].…”

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confidence: 99%

Water Quality Analysis for Agriculture: A Case Study of Nong Khon Saen Community Area, Udon Thani, Thailand

Wangka-orm,

Phitaktim,

Wisetsri

et al. 2023

IJESD

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This work aims to assess the water quality in the Nong Khon Saen community area in Udon Thani for agriculture purposes and its suitability for direct use in water consumption. The sample was collected annually from January to March during the period 2019–2022. The work was undertaken to investigate two different water resources (Huai Luang River and Nong Khon Saen reservoir) for the parameters of pH, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). The results showed that all parameters of Huai Luang River were within the acceptable limits of Type 3 surface water quality standards from the Pollution Control Department (PCD), Thailand. The average pH was 6.59±0.18 (Std. pH 5–9), temperature was 27±0.01 ℃ (Std. Natural), EC was 679±12.11 μS/cm (Std. None), DO was 5.39±0.63 mg/l (Std. > 4.0 mg/L), and BOD was 1.71±0.70 mg/L (BOD Std. < 2.0 mg/l). The acceptable water quality parameters were caused by general flushing of rainfall, river water flow, and runoff from agricultural fields. Moreover, the water quality of the Nong Khon Saen reservoir showed a higher BOD concentration (2.61±0.54 mg/L) beyond acceptable limits. The high concentration of BOD was caused by the water plants and the decomposition of animals in the surface water area. For other parameters, the average pH (7.11±0.42), Temperature (28±0.01 ℃), EC (689.58±24.18 μS/cm) and DO (8.39±1.13 mg/L) were shown within acceptable limits. Therefore, the water quality is a requirement concerned with agricultural activities that are dependent on water resources.

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confidence: 99%

Water Quality Analysis for Agriculture: A Case Study of Nong Khon Saen Community Area, Udon Thani, Thailand

Wangka-orm,

Phitaktim,

Wisetsri

et al. 2023

IJESD

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“…y = 0.2024 x 0.5095 (8) where y is the number of cells in (m), and x is the discharge (m 3 /d), with a determination coefficient of R 2 = 0.99. Additionally, a relationship between the discharge in m 3 /d and the cell length based on a rectangularity of 1:1 is obtained by using a power function in Equation ( 9): y = 1.7514 x 0.4994 (9) where y is the HSSF-WC length of the cell, and x is the discharge (m 3 /d), with a determination coefficient of R 2 = 0.99. The results show that a design curve for the VF-CW for the discharge (m 3 /d) and the design area relationship function (linear equation) (Figure 4C) indicates: y = 2.8002 x + 9.2157 (10) where y is the VF-WC design area (m 2 ), and x is the discharge (m 3 /d), with a determination coefficient of R 2 = 0.99.…”

Section: Hssf and Vf-cws Sizing Design Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, Egypt adopted a robust plan to directly repurpose agricultural drainage water for crop production or to mix it with freshwater in order to satisfy the increased water demands in various sectors [5][6][7][8]. In the Nile Delta, about 11 km 3 of agricultural drainage water is reused each year [9]. In addition, about 5.0 km 3 of domestic wastewater is produced in Egypt each year, most of which is drained and treated, or partially treated into agricultural drains [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposing a Wetland-Based Economic Approach for Wastewater Treatment in Arid Regions as an Alternative Irrigation Water Source

et al. 2023

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Point and nonpoint wastewater sources have a detrimental, negative effect on agriculture, soil, surface, and groundwater supplies. In this research, a wastewater treatment system made up of a sedimentation tank, a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF-CW), a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VF-CW), and a storage tank was proposed, designed, and cost estimated. Small populations in underdeveloped nations with dry and semi-arid climates can use the treatment system as an affordable construction, maintenance, and operational solution for wastewater treatment. The system will protect agricultural lands and groundwater from pollution. The system can service 6000 capita and has a wastewater discharge of 780 m3/d in the developing arid region in El-Moghra Oasis western desert of Egypt, where the 1.5 million acres used for the land reclamation project based on groundwater irrigation. The relaxed tanks in a series model based on the areal loading rates and background pollutants concentrations (P-K-C*) was utilized to size the HSSF and VF-CWs. The results indicated that the HSSF-CW design treatment surface area was 2375 m2, and the hydraulic surface loading (q) and hydraulic retention time (RT) were 0.33 m/d and 0.55 d, respectively, and utilizing Phragmites australis and Papyrus for the biological treatment. The expected overall cumulative removal efficiencies were 96.7, 70, and 100% for the biological oxygen demand (BOD), total phosphors (TP), and fecal coliforms (FC), respectively. The VF-CW indicates that there was a 2193 m2 design treatment surface area, q = 0.36 m/d, and RT of 0.63 d. The expected BOD, TP, and FC removal efficiencies were 75, 33.3, and 92.7%, respectively. In order to simplify the design stages and the cost estimation, design and investment cost curves were established for a population range from 500 to 9000. The total monthly water loss due to evapotranspiration for the HSSF and VF-CWs indicates a range from 3.7 to 8.5%, respectively. The total investment cost analysis for the proposed system corresponding to 780 m3/d wastewater discharge of indicates a total investment cost of EUR 146,804 and EUR 24.46/per-capita equivalent (P.E). This approach can be used by decision makers in the Mediterranean region and Middle Eastern countries to improve the water quality using social and economic criteria, leading to the effective implementation of ecological restoration projects as a low-cost treatment system and adding a nonconventional water source that can be used in irrigation.

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“…These requirements contribute to the cost of the technique (Cai et al, 2021; Praveen et al, 2021; V. Singh & Srivastava, 2022). The major requirements in CWs include a substrate, macrophyte, pipelines, and a large area for water flow maintenance (Abdelhay & Abunaser, 2021; El Hawary & Shaban, 2018; Gachango et al, 2015; Thalla et al, 2019). The other factor that affects the cost of the techniques is the scale (size) of the set‐up.…”

Section: Strategies For Remediation Of Microplasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global distribution of microplastic contaminants in aquatic environments and their remediation strategies

Tirkey

Pandey

Tiwari

et al. 2022

Water Environment Research

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This review describes the occurrence and distribution of microplastics in freshwater and marine environments in recent years (2017–2022). Use of microplastics often results in contamination of aquatic environments, threatens biodiversity, and creates the need for environmental remediation. Such remediation strategies can involve primary, secondary, and tertiary treatments. Tertiary treatment is a frequent research subject due to its high efficiency and the possibility for advancements and enhancements. This study discusses tertiary treatments with remediation efficiencies of 95% and greater and their advantages, disadvantages, and future perspectives. Biochar‐mediated remediation of microplastics is an effective method that may be able to achieve efficiencies approaching 100%. The study concludes by exploring methods of removing microplastics, including constructed wetlands and biochar, which offer high efficiency. Practitioner Points Tertiary treatments are an effective microplastic remediation strategy applicable succeeding secondary or primary treatments or as an individual remediation strategy. Biochar is a highly efficient adsorbent for microplastic remediation from aquatic environment with eco‐friendly aspect and reusability. Modifications in tertiary treatments and enhancement in remediation efficiency are still a subject of research for future studies.

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Improving drainage water quality: Constructed wetlands-performance assessment using multivariate and cost analysis

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Water Quality Analysis for Agriculture: A Case Study of Nong Khon Saen Community Area, Udon Thani, Thailand

Water Quality Analysis for Agriculture: A Case Study of Nong Khon Saen Community Area, Udon Thani, Thailand

Proposing a Wetland-Based Economic Approach for Wastewater Treatment in Arid Regions as an Alternative Irrigation Water Source

Global distribution of microplastic contaminants in aquatic environments and their remediation strategies

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