Improving drivers’ merging performance in work zone using an in-vehicle audio warning

Duan, Ke; Yan, Xuedong; Li, Xiaomeng; Hang, J

doi:10.1016/j.trf.2023.04.004

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…This task is safety-critical, resulting in approximately 19.000 accidents per year in the US alone (Sen et al, 2003). Better understanding of human merging behavior can aid in designing improved traffic infrastructure (Zheng and McDonald, 2007), development of advanced driver assistance systems (Baumann et al, 2011;Gonçalves et al, 2022;de Winter et al, 2022;Duan et al, 2023) and automated vehicles capable of interacting with human traffic participants (Sadigh et al, 2018;Schwarting et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2020;Siebinga et al, 2023), which all have potential to reduce accidents related to merging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Now or never: Eye tracking and response times reveal the dynamics of highway merging decisions

Zgonnikov,

van Niekerk,

Eisma

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Merging onto a highway is a safety-critical task resulting in a large number of traffic accidents; fundamental research into merging behavior of human drivers can help reduce this toll. Two cognitive processes critical to merging, attention allocation and decision making, have been extensively studied in both natural human behavior in real traffic and simulated driving. However, the interaction between attention and decision making during merging remains poorly understood. To address this gap, here we investigated the relationship between kinematics of the merging scenario, gap acceptance decisions, response timing, and eye movements of drivers during merging. In a video-based experiment, our participants (N=24) repeatedly made gap acceptance decisions based on the information available in the front view and the side mirror while their response times and eye movements were recorded. We found that decisions to accept a gap were much faster than decisions to reject a gap: the dynamically decreasing gap demanded that participants accept gaps in a timely manner. Furthermore, merging decisions and their timing depended on the distance and time-to-arrival to the overtaking vehicle, but also on the time pressure imposed by the approaching end of the merging lane. Most importantly, the proportion of time participants spent looking at the rear-view mirror was associated with differences in the probability of accepting the gap, controlling for duration of the decision-making process. This effect was particularly pronounced in conditions with low time budgets, suggesting that appropriate glancing behavior can be critical for merging decisions under time pressure. Our results lay foundation for future efforts on cognitive modeling of the interplay between decision-making and attention processes during merging and can aid in understanding unsafe merging maneuvers related to improper attention distribution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Now or never: Eye tracking and response times reveal the dynamics of highway merging decisions

Zgonnikov,

van Niekerk,

Eisma

et al. 2023

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Based on the experimental results, it was observed that even with the AEB system, rear-end collisions involving e-bicycles were not entirely prevented. This highlights the significant impact of parameter settings in the AEB system on its active control effectiveness [ 24 , 25 ]. Specifically, when the TTC threshold was set at 1 s, there were 137 rear-end collisions, whereas for the other two TTC thresholds combined, there were only 12 collisions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wu et al [ 21 ] found that active safety systems could help decrease drivers’ reaction time and lower the probability of rear-end collisions under fog conditions. Duan et al [ 24 ] proposed an intelligent in-vehicle audio warning system specifically for merging behaviors in the work zone and demonstrated that the implementation of audio warnings can effectively reduce merging risks. Yan et al [ 25 ] developed a collision warning system for red-light-running events at intersections and confirmed that the use of the collision warning system can effectively reduce the occurrence of red-light-running collisions.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of an Autonomous Emergency Braking System for Rear-End Collisions of Electric Bicycles

Zhao,

Li,

Huang

et al. 2023

Sensors

Self Cite

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The rapid growth in the number of electric bicycles (e-bicycles) has greatly improved daily commuting for residents, but it has also increased traffic collisions involving e-bicycles. This study aims to develop an autonomous emergency braking (AEB) system for e-bicycles to reduce rear-end collisions. A framework for the AEB system composed of the risk recognition function and collision avoidance function was designed, and an e-bicycle following model was established. Then, numerical simulations were conducted in multiple scenarios to evaluate the effectiveness of the AEB system under different riding conditions. The results showed that the probability and severity of rear-end collisions involving e-bicycles significantly decreased with the application of the AEB system, and the number of rear-end collisions resulted in a 68.0% reduction. To more effectively prevent rear-end collisions, a low control delay (delay time) and suitable risk judgment criteria (TTC threshold) for the AEB system were required. The study findings suggested that when a delay time was less than or equal to 0.1 s and the TTC threshold was set at 2 s, rear-end collisions could be more effectively prevented while minimizing false alarms in the AEB system. Additionally, as the deceleration rate increased from 1.5 m/s2 to 4.5 m/s2, the probability and average severity of rear-end collisions also increased by 196.5% and 42.9%, respectively. This study can provide theoretical implications for the design of the AEB system for e-bicycles. The established e-bicycle following model serves as a reference for the microscopic simulation of e-bicycles.

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“…The results showed that warning information decreased off-road crashes by utilizing a kinematic-based surrogate measure of safety (K-SMos) [24]. Duan et al (2023) analyzed the effectiveness of an audible warning system based on a driving simulator environment to improve bottlenecks in highway construction areas. The analysis showed that warning information can effectively reduce the risk of bottlenecks, but the effectiveness decreases with the delay in providing warning information [25].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Duan et al (2023) analyzed the effectiveness of an audible warning system based on a driving simulator environment to improve bottlenecks in highway construction areas. The analysis showed that warning information can effectively reduce the risk of bottlenecks, but the effectiveness decreases with the delay in providing warning information [25]. In addition, several studies have evaluated the effectiveness of variable speed limit systems (VSLSs) in CV environments.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Impact of V2V Warning Information on Driving Behavior Modification Using Empirical Connected Vehicle Data

Kim,

Ko,

Jung

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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A connected vehicle (CV) enables vehicles to communicate not only with other vehicles but also the road infrastructure based on wireless communication technologies. A road system with CVs, which is often referred to as a cooperative intelligent transportation system (C-ITS), provides drivers with road and traffic condition information using an in-vehicle warning system. Road environments with CVs induce drivers to reduce their speed while increasing the spacing or changing lanes to avoid potential risks downstream. Such avoidance maneuvers can be considered to improve driving behavior from a traffic safety point of view. This study seeks to quantitatively evaluate the effect of in-vehicle warning information using per-vehicle data (PVD) collected from freeway C-ITSs. The PVD are reproduced to extract the speed–spacing relationship and are evaluated to determine whether the warning information induces drivers to drive in a conservative way. This study reveals that the in-vehicle warning prompts drivers to increase the spacing while decreasing their speed in the majority of samples. The rate of conservative driving behavior tends to increase during the initial operation period, but no significant changes were observed after this period; that is, the reliability of in-vehicle warning information is not constant in the CV environment.

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Improving drivers’ merging performance in work zone using an in-vehicle audio warning

Cited by 11 publications

References 57 publications

Now or never: Eye tracking and response times reveal the dynamics of highway merging decisions

Now or never: Eye tracking and response times reveal the dynamics of highway merging decisions

Numerical Analysis of an Autonomous Emergency Braking System for Rear-End Collisions of Electric Bicycles

Evaluating the Impact of V2V Warning Information on Driving Behavior Modification Using Empirical Connected Vehicle Data

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