Improving fairness of TCP Vegas

Li, Jung-Shian; Ma, Chung-Wen

doi:10.1002/nem.534

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Therefore, this study aimed to explore the function of EPS in controlling the lateral transfer of ARGs carried by antibiotic resistance plasmids (ARPs) to Ca 2+ -induced competent bacteria cells as ARGs are frequently located in plasmids (Mao et al, 2014). Many studies reported that calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) ubiquitously present in the environment can induce natural competence of bacteria (Baur et al, 1996; Hisano et al, 2014; Traglia et al, 2016). Escherichia coli DH5α and XL1 Blue were chosen as model bacteria because they are highly transformable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Escherichia coli DH5α and XL1 Blue were chosen as model bacteria because they are highly transformable. The transformation potential of these two strains was adjusted to the optimal using a Ca 2+ concentration of 0.05 mol L -1 that was greater than typical Ca 2+ concentrations in the environment but was needed to achieve a greater sensitivity in measuring the effect of EPS on the bacterial transformation (Baur et al, 1996). Plasmids (pUC19, pHSG298, and pHSG396), respectively, carrying ampicillin, kanamycin, and chloramphenicol resistance genes were used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extracellular Polymeric Substances Acting as a Permeable Barrier Hinder the Lateral Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Kang

Yang

et al. 2019

Front. Microbiol.

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Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bacteria are emerging contaminants as their proliferation in the environment poses significant threats to human health. It is well recognized that extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) can protect microorganisms against stress or damage from exogenous contaminants. However, it is not clear whether EPS could affect the lateral transfer of ARGs into bacteria, which is one of the major processes for the dissemination of ARGs. This study investigated the lateral transfer of ARGs carried by plasmids (pUC19, pHSG298, and pHSG396) into competent Escherichia coli cells with and without EPS. Transformant numbers and transformation efficiency for E. coli without EPS were up to 29 times of those with EPS at pH 7.0 in an aqueous system. The EPS removal further increased cell permeability in addition to the enhanced cell permeability by Ca 2+ , which could be responsible for the enhanced lateral transfer of ARGs. The fluorescence quenching experiments showed that EPS could strongly bind to plasmid DNA in the presence of Ca 2+ and the binding strength (Log K A = 10.65–15.80 L mol -1 ) between EPS and plasmids was positively correlated with the enhancement percentage of transformation efficiency resulting from the EPS removal. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses and model computation further showed that Ca 2+ could electrostatically bind with EPS mainly through the carboxyl group, hydroxyl group, and RC-O-CR in glucoside, thus bridging the plasmid and EPS. As a result, the binding of plasmids with EPS hindered the lateral transfer of plasmid-borne ARGs. This study improved our understanding on the function of EPS in controlling the fate and transport of ARGs on the molecular and cellular scales.

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