Improving lake mixing process simulations in the Community Land Model by using &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;K&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; profile parameterization

Zhang, Qunhui; Jin, Jiming; Wang, Xiaochun; Budy, Phaedra; Barrett, Nick; Null, Sarah E.

doi:10.5194/hess-23-4969-2019

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In the covered reservoirs, the eddy currents are suppressed by floating covers relative to open water, due to the partial physical decoupling of the water body from the atmosphere (see below). The effective thermal diffusion coefficient D (m 2 s −1 ) is parameterized as (Hostetler & Bartlein, 1990;Subin et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2019):…”

Section: Modeling Heat Flow and Energy Partitioning In The Water Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaporation Suppression From Small Reservoirs Using Floating Covers—Field Study and Modeling

Mady

Lehmann

2021

Water Resources Research

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The demand for water storage to mitigate seasonal shortages in semiarid regions increases with changes in rainfall and drought patterns and expansion of agricultural water needs (Assouline et al., 2015;Dai, 2011). Traditionally, local systems of small (on farm) reservoirs have been used by civilizations all over the world to meet water needs during the dry season (Raymond, 1969) and sustain their livelihood (domestic, agriculture, and livestock) (Payen et al., 2012). These small reservoirs (<0.1 km 2 ) are filled during the rainy season, thus offering economical and localized solution for water storage (Lasage & Verburg, 2015). Inventories have shown that storage in local impoundments and farm reservoirs smaller than 0.1 km 2 dominate in number and geographic distribution of artificial water reservoirs (Downing et al., 2006). Recently, we estimated that over 2.9 million reservoirs smaller than 0.1 km 2 are presently in use in semiarid regions with total surface area of 17,800 km 2 and seasonal storage of 37 km 3 (Mady et al., 2020). Due to high evaporative demand in these regions, evaporation losses have significant impact on effective storage and limit water availability in the dry season (Battisti & Naylor, 2009;Craig, 2008). Estimates suggest that in hot periods evaporation losses from water reservoirs range from 10% in Spain (Martínez Álvarez et al., 2008) to 50% in Australia (Craig 2005;Rost et al., 2008). Regionally resolved analyses by Mady et al. (2020) suggest that globally 30% of the stored volume in small reservoirs could be lost to evaporation during the dry season (in semiarid regions).Various mitigation techniques have been proposed for reducing evaporation losses, differing in their suppression efficiency and construction and maintenance costs (

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Section: Modeling Heat Flow and Energy Partitioning In The Water Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaporation Suppression From Small Reservoirs Using Floating Covers—Field Study and Modeling

Mady

Lehmann

2021

Water Resources Research

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“…Typical processes of the cryosphere (such as glacier, soil freeze-thaw, and snow processes), lake-air interactions, and vertical soil heterogeneity coexist and consist of the TP's complex land surface processes that are not well represented by current LSMs. The coupled land-atmospheric numerical experiments (Gao et al, 2015;Zhao et al, 2018) demonstrate also the important role of the TP's land surface processes on affecting the simulations of atmospheric processes and variables. These numerical experiments further highlight the necessity to improve current LSMs to better represent the TP's complex land surface processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Comparisons of the original (CLM-ORG) and revised (CLM-KPP) CLM lake models in simulating water surface temperature (WST) (a) and their differences in simulating water diffusivity (log10Kw) (b) in Lake Nam Co. The figure is reproduced fromZhang et al (2019).…”

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confidence: 99%

Last-decade progress in understanding and modeling the land surface processes on the Tibetan Plateau

Lu¹,

Zheng²,

Yang³

et al. 2020

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Land surface models (LSMs) that simulate water and energy exchanges at the land–atmosphere interface are a key component of Earth system models. The Tibetan Plateau (TP) drives the Asian monsoon through surface heating and thus plays a key role in regulating the climate system in the Northern Hemisphere. Therefore, it is vital to understand and represent well the land surface processes on the TP. After an early review that identified key issues in the understanding and modeling of land surface processes on the TP in 2009, much progress has been made in the last decade in developing new land surface schemes and supporting datasets. This review summarizes the major advances. (i) An enthalpy-based approach was adopted to enhance the description of cryosphere processes such as glacier and snow mass balance and soil freeze–thaw transition. (ii) Parameterization of the vertical mixing process was improved in lake models to ensure reasonable heat transfer to the deep water and to the near-surface atmosphere. (iii) New schemes were proposed for modeling water flow and heat transfer in soils accounting for the effects of vertical soil heterogeneity due to the presence of high soil organic matter content and dense vegetation roots in surface soils or gravel in soil columns. (iv) Supporting datasets of meteorological forcing and soil parameters were developed by integrating multi-source datasets including ground-based observations. Perspectives on the further improvement of land surface modeling on the TP are provided, including the continuous updating of supporting datasets, parameter estimation through assimilation of satellite observations, improvement of snow and lake processes, adoption of data-driven and artificial intelligence methods, and the development of an integrated LSM for the TP.

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“…(a) Time series of LWST observations (ºC) for Fog 1 (black line) and Fog 3 (gray line from Zhang et al (2019)), and simulations with CTL (blue line) and WARM (red line). Observed lake temperature profiles (ºC) for (b) Fog 3(Zhang et al (2019)) and (c) Fog 1, and simulated Fog 1 lake temperatures with (d) CTL and (e) WARM. Lake temperature profile differences (ºC) (f) for WARM minus CTL.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, Fog 1 and Fog 3 have analogous climatic and geographical conditions and lake morphology, including lake depth, shape, and area. We hypothesized that through artificially heating Fog 1 and comparing thermal processes with those in Fog 3 (Zhang et al, 2019), changes in Fog 1 thermal processes from heating could be identified and analyzed. To further quantify the potential effects of this manipulation, we performed numerical modeling with and without this warming scheme.…”

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confidence: 99%

Predicting Thermal Responses of an Arctic Lake to Whole‐Lake Warming Manipulation

Zhang

Jin

Budy

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

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Lakes play an important role in the Arctic climate and surrounding ecosystems (Prowse et al., 2011a(Prowse et al., , 2011bRawlins et al., 2010;Rouse et al., 2005). The Arctic climate is particularly sensitive and vulnerable to climate change, and climate warming in the Arctic is greater than in lower latitudes, known as an Arctic amplification effect (Serreze & Barry, 2011). Lakes are a major landscape feature and component of the land surface in the Arctic (Smith et al., 2007) and act as a key indicator of climate change and reflect regional climate variations in this region (Anderson et al., 2013;Labrecque et al., 2009;Plug et al., 2008). Additionally, aquatic communities in arctic lake ecosystems are well adapted to environments dominated by limited light, low temperature, and long periods of ice cover (Wrona et al., 2006). With continued arctic warming, changes in freshwater thermal processes could result in substantial differences in aquatic habitat and productivity of fauna (Budy & Luecke, 2014;Prowse et al., 2006;Wedekind & Küng, 2010).Arctic lakes have experienced significant changes caused by global climate change over the last 30 years, particularly in lake thermal processes. In high-latitude arctic regions, atmospheric warming results in an increase in lake water surface temperature (LWST) with larger changes than observed at lower latitudes (Hansen et al., 2010; O'Reilly et al., 2015;Winton, 2006). Such an increase in LWST leads to earlier stratification during the summer and later turnover in the fall within the lake water body (Woolway & Merchant, 2019). In addition, with

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Improving lake mixing process simulations in the Community Land Model by using <i>K</i> profile parameterization

Cited by 13 publications

References 65 publications

Evaporation Suppression From Small Reservoirs Using Floating Covers—Field Study and Modeling

Evaporation Suppression From Small Reservoirs Using Floating Covers—Field Study and Modeling

Last-decade progress in understanding and modeling the land surface processes on the Tibetan Plateau

Predicting Thermal Responses of an Arctic Lake to Whole‐Lake Warming Manipulation

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