Improving Nutritional Quality of Plant Proteins Through Genetic Engineering

Le, Dung Tien; Chu, Ha Duc; Le, Ngoc Quynh

doi:10.2174/1389202917666160202215934

Cited by 63 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(119 reference statements)

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“…This is considerably lower than the world average yield of 5.6 t ha −1 (FAOSTAT, 2017). Millions of people (especially the poor in rural areas) in SSA subsist on normal-endosperm maize, deficient in provitamin A (Safawo et al, 2010) and the basic amino acids tryptophan and lysine (Le, Chua, & Le, 2016), resulting in malnutrition and food insecurity in the subregion. The two-to more than fourfold projected increase in human population in SSA between 2010 and 2050 and the consequent increase in demand for maize and other major cereals may worsen the food insecurity problem in the region, unless urgent measures are taken (van Ittersum et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining ability of extra‐early biofortified maize inbreds underStrigainfestation and low soil nitrogen

2020

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Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth parasitism, low soil N, and nutritional deficiencies of normal-endosperm maize (Zea mays L.) threaten maize yield and exacerbate nutritional problems in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA). This study was conducted (a) to evaluate genetic variation among extra-early maturing maize hybrids with provitamin A and quality protein characteristics, (b) to investigate gene action governing the inheritance of Striga resistance, grain yield, low N tolerance, and other measured traits under low-N, high-N, and Striga-infested environments, and (c) to identify hybrids with high yield and stability across environments. One hundred and fifty hybrids developed using North Carolina Design II were evaluated with six checks under low-N, high-N, and Striga-infested environments in Nigeria. Mean squares for hybrids were highly significant (P < .01) for grain yield and other traits across environments. Only general combining ability (GCA) for female and/or male mean squares were significant for measured traits under low N. In addition to significant GCA effects for most traits, specific combining ability was significant (P < .05) for Striga emergence count under Striga infestation, and ear height and ears per plant under high N, indicating that additive and nonadditive genetic effects controlled the inheritance of few traits under Striga and high N, whereas additive genetic effect governed the inheritance of the traits under low N. Hybrids TZEEIORQ 55 × TZEEIORQ 26, TZEEIORQ 49 × TZEEIORQ 75, and TZEEIORQ 52 × TZEEIORQ 43 were high yielding and stable across environments and have potential for improving nutrition and maize yields in SSA. Abbreviations: AEA, average environment axis; ASI, anthesis-silking interval; ATC, average tester coordinate; DA, days to 50% anthesis; DS, days to 50% silking; EASP, ear aspect; EHT, ear height; EPP, ears per plant; ESP1, Striga emergence count at 8 wk after planting; ESP2, Striga emergence count at 10 wk after planting; GCA, general combining ability; GCA f , general combining ability for female effect; GCA m , general combining ability for male effect; GGE, genotype main effect plus genotype x environment interaction;

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining ability of extra‐early biofortified maize inbreds underStrigainfestation and low soil nitrogen

2020

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“…Although a bigger dataset could be more precise to detect correlations with a slight impact, both the lack of significant effects caused by the growing medium and reduction in CoV indicate that the composition is inherent to the plant and is not affected by growth conditions. This is of interest for the S binding AA methionine, as this is generally limiting in legumes [39]. Even with a considerable difference of SO 4 − between the growing medium of PP and PM, no trend is visible in the duckweed AA composition.…”

Section: Amino Acid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Agronomic and Environmental Performance of Lemnaminor Cultivated on Agricultural Wastewater Streams—A Practical Approach

et al. 2021

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This study investigated the potential of Lemna minor to valorise agricultural wastewater in protein-rich feed material in order to meet the growing demand for animal feed protein and reduce the excess of nutrients in certain European regions. For this purpose, three pilot-scale systems were monitored for 175 days under outdoor conditions in Flanders. The systems were fed with the effluent of aquaculture (pikeperch production—PP), a mixture of diluted pig manure wastewater (PM), and a synthetic medium (SM). PM showed the highest productivity (6.1 ± 2.5 g DW m−2 d−1) and N uptake (327 ± 107 mg N m−2 d−1). PP yielded a similar productivity and both wastewaters resulted in higher productivities than SM. Furthermore, all media showed similar P uptake rates (65–70 P m−2 d−1). Finally, duckweed had a beneficial amino acid composition for humans (essential amino acid index = 1.1), broilers and pigs. This study also showed that the growing medium had more influence on the productivity of duckweed than on its amino acid composition or protein content, with the latter being only slightly affected by the different media studied. Overall, these results demonstrate that duckweed can effectively remove nutrients from agriculture wastewaters while producing quality protein.

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“…In particular, improving the content of minerals, vitamins and proteins of major crops, which are the main nutrient sources in developing countries, is a key strategy to solve severe widespread health problems associated with nutritional deficiencies (Deng et al 2017;Galili et al 2002;Galili and Amir 2013). For example, the seed protein content of most consumed cereals, such as maize or wheat, is directly associated with their nutritional quality, and, as animal proteins are more expensive, part of the humanity depends on it to fulfil this dietary requirement (Mandal and Mandal 2000). While protein content depends on the availability of free amino acids, breeding improvement has been hindered due to the tight regulation of their synthesis and to a highly efficient catabolic rate (Galili et al 2016).…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining metabolomic and transcriptomic approaches to assess and improve crop quality traits

et al. 2021

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Plant quality trait improvement has become a global necessity due to the world overpopulation. In particular, producing crop species with enhanced nutrients and health-promoting compounds is one of the main aims of current breeding programs. However, breeders traditionally focused on characteristics such as yield or pest resistance, while breeding for crop quality, which largely depends on the presence and accumulation of highly valuable metabolites in the plant edible parts, was left out due to the complexity of plant metabolome and the impossibility to properly phenotype it. Recent technical advances in high throughput metabolomic, transcriptomic and genomic platforms have provided efficient approaches to identify new genes and pathways responsible for the extremely diverse plant metabolome. In addition, they allow to establish correlation between genotype and metabolite composition, and to clarify the genetic architecture of complex biochemical pathways, such as the accumulation of secondary metabolites in plants, many of them being highly valuable for the human diet. In this review, we focus on how the combination of metabolomic, transcriptomic and genomic approaches is a useful tool for the selection of crop varieties with improved nutritional value and quality traits.

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Improving Nutritional Quality of Plant Proteins Through Genetic Engineering

Cited by 63 publications

References 94 publications

Combining ability of extra‐early biofortified maize inbreds underStrigainfestation and low soil nitrogen

Combining ability of extra‐early biofortified maize inbreds underStrigainfestation and low soil nitrogen

Agronomic and Environmental Performance of Lemnaminor Cultivated on Agricultural Wastewater Streams—A Practical Approach

Combining metabolomic and transcriptomic approaches to assess and improve crop quality traits

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