Improving oil recovery from shale oil reservoirs using cyclic cold carbon dioxide injection – An experimental study

Elwegaa, Khalid; Emadi, Hossein; Soliman, Mohamed Y.; Gamadi, Talal; Elsharafi, Mahmoud

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2019.05.169

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Using an unconfined core H-n-P apparatus, oil changes of up to 100% are possible. Many organizations have described detailed accounts in immersions in such experimental setups. ,,,,,,,,− Table shows some oil recovery results obtained using various cores and core holders. Since natural gas is investigated as an injection agent for EOR in unconventional oil reservoirs, laboratory studies of natural gas effectiveness for EOR usually have the composition of natural gas (see Table ).…”

Section: Gas-eor Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Huff-n-Puff Technology for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Shale/Tight Oil Reservoirs: Progress, Gaps, and Perspectives

et al. 2021

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In recent times, particularly in the 21st century, there has been an alarming increase in the demand for global energy, along with continuous depletion in conventional oil reservoirs. This necessity has incentivized interested scholars and operators worldwide to seek alternative oil resources. To secure such accelerating energy demand, considerable effort has been directed toward the development of previously unconventional oil formations that, in past decades, had remained sidelined. Although shale oil reservoirs have seen tremendous success over the past decade, the continued challenges of rapidly declining oil flow rates and oil retention in the pores continuously persist. Substantial attempts have been made to improve shale-bypassed oil recovery; however, there is little data about the accessibility on recovery mechanisms, especially in the oil field. Furthermore, approachesparticularly, Huff-n-Puff (H-n-P) experiments using conventional proceduresfail to properly represent field conditions and they generate deceptive findings, because the utilized cores are not simulated under realistic reservoir conditions, leaving the significance of critical factors unclear. Therefore, this review study comprehensively and specifically discusses the feasibility of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods in unconventional oil reservoirs. Beside addressing the validity of the currently applied H-n-P technology in shale/tight oil reservoirs and underlining some critical gaps regarding laboratory results, modified technology is proposed in this paper for a better field future performance. The study is divided into sections, and each section analyzes the role of one specific H-n-P portion in detail, such as preferable injected solvents, their mechanisms, and critical factors affecting H-n-P recovery. The exceptions to this are the first and second sections, which provide a brief introduction about shale and tight oil reservoirs, a history of applied technology, and the method’s current problem statement. In the Introduction section, the authors will justify why this Review fills a critical gap in the field. Within the assessment study, great focus is given to the H-n-P technique, its parameters, and effective processes. In the final sections, carefully chosen experimental results and tools are reviewed to highlight the controversy and state “the gap”.

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Section: Gas-eor Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Huff-n-Puff Technology for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Shale/Tight Oil Reservoirs: Progress, Gaps, and Perspectives

et al. 2021

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“…Based on previous studies, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio [16,[20][21][22][23][24][25][32][33][34], tensile strength [25][26][27][28], and P-and S-wave velocities [25,33,34] generally decrease with CO 2 exposure. Reductions with CO 2 exposure are primarily attributed to adsorptioninduced swelling of clay minerals and dissolution-induced pore structure changes primarily affecting calcite but secondarily also feldspar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Their results are however inconclusive due to procedural flaws related to limited number of measurements that made statistical analysis difficult, and CO 2 exsolution that could affect the undrained bulk modulus via pore fluid compressibility caused by decreasing pore pressure during loading. Choi et al [25], Al-Ameri et al [33], Elwegaa et al [34] measured decreasing ultrasonic P-and S-wave velocities post-CO 2 exposure which the two latter converted to decreasing dynamic Young's modulus assuming isotropy. Lebedev et al [35] considered anisotropy for their shaley sandstones that also decreased in P-wave velocity upon scCO 2 injection into brine-occupied pore space.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Effect of CO2 on Seismic and Ultrasonic Properties: A Novel Shale Experiment

et al. 2021

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Carbon capture and storage (CCS) by geological sequestration comprises a permeable formation (reservoir) for CO2 storage topped by an impermeable formation (caprock). Time-lapse (4D) seismic is used to map CO2 movement in the subsurface: CO2 migration into the caprock might change its properties and thus impact its integrity. Simultaneous forced-oscillation and pulse-transmission measurements are combined to quantify Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio as well as P- and S-wave velocity changes in the absence and in the presence of CO2 at constant seismic and ultrasonic frequencies. This combination is the laboratory proxy to 4D seismic because rock properties are monitored over time. It also improves the understanding of frequency-dependent (dispersive) properties needed for comparing in-situ and laboratory measurements. To verify our method, Draupne Shale is monitored during three consecutive fluid exposure phases. This shale appears to be resilient to CO2 exposure as its integrity is neither compromised by notable Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio nor P- and S-wave velocity changes. No significant changes in Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio seismic dispersion are observed. This absence of notable changes in rock properties is attributed to Draupne being a calcite-poor shale resilient to acidic CO2-bearing brine that may be a suitable candidate for CCS.

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“…In Cheng et al (2014a), a 3D displacement discontinuity method was used to describe how the HF growth intersection with NF (at 45° and 90°), and the NF failure prediction at the interface could be attempted if results obtained is compared with the Mohr-Coulomb criterion. Nikam et al (2016) integrated an advanced cohesive pore pressure (CPP) in finite element analysis (FEA) to describe the injection fluid behavior (Elwegaa et al 2019) at HF-NF intersection. Cheng et al (2014b) study was based on numerical and experimental analyses of cement block fracturing test with pre-existing fractures and validated the results with microseismic data from the lower Silurian Longmaxi shaly formation of Sichuan basin, China, to develop a new NF-HF interaction criterion.…”

Section: Methods Of Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between hydraulic fractures and natural fractures: current status and prospective directions

Kolawole

Ispas

2019

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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Hydraulic fracturing treatment is one of the most efficient conventional matrix stimulation techniques currently utilized in the petroleum industry. However, due to the spatiotemporal complex nature of fracture propagation in a naturally-and often times systematically fractured media, the influence of natural fractures (NF) and in situ stresses on hydraulic fracture (HF) initiation and propagation within a reservoir during the hydrofracturing process remains an important issue. Over the past 50 years of advances in the understanding of HF-NF interactions, no comprehensive revision of the state of the knowledge exists. Here, we reviewed over 140 scientific articles on investigations of HF-NF interactions, published over the past 50 years. We highlight the most commonly observed HF-NF interactions and their implications for unconventional oil and gas production. Using observational and quantitative analyses, we find that numerical modeling and simulation is the most prominent method of approach, whereas there are less publications on the experimental approach, and analytical method is the least utilized approach. Further, we suggest how HF-NF interactions can be monitored in real time on the field during a pre-frac test. Lastly, based on the results of our literature review, we recommend promising areas of investigation that may provide more profound insights into HF-NF interactions in such a way that can be directly applied to the optimization of fracture-stimulation field operations.

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Improving oil recovery from shale oil reservoirs using cyclic cold carbon dioxide injection – An experimental study

Cited by 32 publications

References 2 publications

Huff-n-Puff Technology for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Shale/Tight Oil Reservoirs: Progress, Gaps, and Perspectives

Huff-n-Puff Technology for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Shale/Tight Oil Reservoirs: Progress, Gaps, and Perspectives

On the Effect of CO2 on Seismic and Ultrasonic Properties: A Novel Shale Experiment

Interaction between hydraulic fractures and natural fractures: current status and prospective directions

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