Improving oxygen barrier and reducing moisture sensitivity of weak polyelectrolyte multilayer thin films with crosslinking

Yang, Yuanchao; Bolling, Laura; Haile, Merid; Grunlan, Jaime C.

doi:10.1039/c2ra21845c

Cited by 68 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…An even further reduction in OTR resulted with heating the humidified film at 150 °C for 2 h, achieving an OTR of 0.08 cm 3 (m 2 d atm) −1 . The intention was to thermally crosslink the film, [30] but no contraction was observed (i.e., the film maintained a thickness of 1.99 ± 0.06 µm). Additionally, FTIR spectroscopy revealed no difference before and after heating, so it is likely that the heating simply removed water from the film.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyelectrolyte Coacervates Deposited as High Gas Barrier Thin Films

Haile

Sarwar

Henderson

et al. 2016

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Multilayer films deposited from water using layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly have shown extraordinarily low oxygen permeability and are of high interest due to their robustness, tailorability, and ease of fabrication. [5][6][7][8][9] Despite all the advantages associated with LbL assembly, the large number of processing steps remains a considerable challenge for commercial use. [10,11] In order to apply films composed of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes to substrates using just one or two deposition steps, solutions containing polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) can be employed. [12][13][14][15] PECs are formed by the entropy-driven association of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes in water and can exist as stable colloids, flocculants, or metastable coacervates. [16][17][18][19][20] Governed by conditions such as pH and ionic strength, PEC coacervation is marked by a liquid-liquid phase separation, where a polymer rich coacervate phase is in equilibrium with a polymer poor solution phase. PEC coacervates are composed of weakly bound polyelectrolytes, and have viscous liquid-like behavior that can be exploited to quickly apply them as thin films. [18,[21][22][23][24] In the present study, polyelectrolyte coacervates were applied to substrates using Meyer rod coating (a common type of blade coating), [25] in an effort to quickly fabricate thin oxygen barrier films in a single step. The Meyer rod is drawn across a substrate, doctoring off coating fluid, Multilayer coatings consisting of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes have proven to be extraordinarily effective oxygen barriers but require many processing steps to fabricate. In an effort to prepare high oxygen barrier thin films more quickly, a polyelectrolyte complex coacervate composed of polyethylenimine and polyacrylic acid is prepared. The coacervate fluid is applied as a thin film using a rod coating process. With humidity and thermal posttreatment, a 2 µm thin film reduces the oxygen transmission rate of 0.127 mm poly(ethylene terephthalate) by two orders of magnitude, rivalling conventional oxygen barrier technologies. These films are fabricated in ambient conditions using low-cost, water-based solutions, providing a tremendous opportunity for single-step deposition of polymeric high barrier thin films.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyelectrolyte Coacervates Deposited as High Gas Barrier Thin Films

Haile

Sarwar

Henderson

et al. 2016

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

Self Cite

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“…PAH and PSS can form dense ionically‐crosslinked structures that compresses the thin film This densified structure imparts gas barrier. Many all‐polymer LbL films have been studied, using strong and weak polyelectrolytes, bio‐based polymers, and polyimide sheets, which all can form dense, ionically‐crosslinked structures. Yang et al found that PEI and PAA form exponentially growing, dense films with super gas barrier performance (<0.005 cm 3 m ‐2 day ‐1 atm ‐1 ) with just 8 BL .…”

Section: Layer‐by‐layer Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Gas Barrier Thin Films via Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Polymers and Platelets

Priolo¹,

Holder

Guin

et al. 2015

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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121

100

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Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly has emerged as the leading non-vacuum technology for the fabrication of transparent, super gas barrier films. The super gas barrier performance of LbL deposited films has been demonstrated in numerous studies, with a variety of polyelectrolytes, to rival that of metal and metal oxide-based barrier films. This Feature Article is a mini-review of LbL-based multilayer thin films with a 'nanobrick wall' microstructure comprising polymeric mortar and nano-platelet bricks that impart high gas barrier to otherwise permeable polymer substrates. These transparent, water-based thin films exhibit oxygen transmission rates below 5 × 10(-3) cm(3) m(-2) day(-1) atm(-1) and lower permeability than any other barrier material reported. In an effort to put this technology in the proper context, incumbent technologies such as metallized plastics, metal oxides, and flake-filled polymers are briefly reviewed.

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“…However, the use of a plasticizer is normally required to achieve good mechanical properties (Rodriguez-Nuñez et al 2014). Another relevant limitation of chitosan films is their high hydrophilicity, which provokes changes in their physical aspect due to sorption of humidity from the environment (Yang et al 2012). To overcome this limitation, blends with hydrophobic polymers and multilayer films have been prepared (Suyatma et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of antioxidant active films based on chitosan: diffusivity study of α-tocopherol into food simulants

et al. 2016

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New active films based on chitosan and polycaprolactone blends and containing α-tocopherol were designed for food packaging applications. Mechanical properties, stability against temperature and swelling degree in 50 % ethanol (v/v) were evaluated. Migration kinetics of α-tocopherol from the developed films into butter and food simulants [50 % ethanol (v/v), 95 % ethanol (v/v), and isooctane] at different temperatures were studied. α-Tocopherol was quantified in the food simulants by means of high performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection at 292 nm. The proposed method exhibited a good sensitivity with a limit of detection of 0.1 mg/L. The kinetics release of α-tocopherol was characterized by determining the partition and the diffusion coefficients by using a mathematical modeling based on Fick's Second Law. The diffusion coefficients obtained ranged between 1.03 × 10(-13) and 2.24 × 10(-12) cm(2)/s for 95 % ethanol (v/v) at 4 and 20 °C, respectively. Developed films maintained the antioxidant activity for more than 20 days.

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Improving oxygen barrier and reducing moisture sensitivity of weak polyelectrolyte multilayer thin films with crosslinking

Cited by 68 publications

References 69 publications

Polyelectrolyte Coacervates Deposited as High Gas Barrier Thin Films

Polyelectrolyte Coacervates Deposited as High Gas Barrier Thin Films

Recent Advances in Gas Barrier Thin Films via Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Polymers and Platelets

Preparation of antioxidant active films based on chitosan: diffusivity study of α-tocopherol into food simulants

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