Improving peak capacities over 100 in less than 60 seconds: operating above normal peak capacity limits with signal processing

Hellinghausen, Garrett; Wahab, M. Farooq; Armstrong, Daniel W.

doi:10.1007/s00216-020-02444-8

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The difference in peak size is seemingly even higher in the sharpened signal; however, it is evident that the application of the power law causes peak areas to increase in a nonlinear manner. For this reason, back-calculated concentrations as described by Hellinghausen et al 33 were used in the signal uniformity investigations. Linear regression using the least-squares method was conducted in order to compare the response factors of the tested analytes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is due to the pronounced post-column zone broadening. Mathematical resolution enhancement is an established technique to increase the apparent resolution of chromatographic peaks, which has been successfully applied for ultrafast separations. ,, During the development of the peak sharpening procedure, several aspects had to be considered to yield a useful and robust routine. First, the baseline of the raw signal must be as close as possible to zero and flat.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Digital resolution enhancement was carried out by means of even-derivative peak sharpening and application of the normalized power law, as detailed here: Raw data is imported into the MATLAB workspace Baseline correction is applied by subtracting a variable baseline from the signal Even-derivative sharpening is applied to a freely chosen segment of the chromatogram. K 1 = 951 and K 2 = 54 were the weights used for the calibration standards The sharpened signal is normalized to the peak with the lowest height The normalized signal is powered to an integer ( n = 3 was used for standard mixtures) Peak areas in the original signal are back-calculated from the powered signal according to the method by Hellinghausen et al 33 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peak areas in the original signal are back-calculated from the powered signal according to the method by Hellinghausen et al 33 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The normalized signal is powered to an integer (n = 3 was used for standard mixtures) 6. Peak areas in the original signal are back-calculated from the powered signal according to the method by Hellinghausen et al 33 The evaluation of the introduced bias by the peak sharpening procedure was conducted by comparison of back-calculated concentrations of dimers from a quadratic regression on both the raw and the sharpened signal.…”

Section: Production and Purification Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single-Standard Quantification Strategy for Lignin Dimers by Supercritical Fluid Chromatography with Charged Aerosol Detection

et al. 2022

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The increased interest in utilizing lignin as a feedstock to produce various aromatic compounds requires advanced chemical analysis methods to provide qualitative and quantitative characterization of lignin samples along different technology streamlines. However, due to the lack of commercially available chemical standards, routine quantification of industrially relevant lignin oligomers in complex lignin samples remains a challenge. This study presents a novel method for universal quantification of lignin dimers based on supercritical fluid chromatography with charged aerosol detection (CAD). A series of lignin-derived dimeric compounds that have been reported from reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) were synthesized and used as standards. The applicability of using linear regression instead of quadratic calibration curves was evaluated over a concentration range of 15–125 mg/L, demonstrating that the former calibration method is as appropriate as the latter. The response factors of lignin dimeric compounds were compared to assess the uniformity of the CAD signal, revealing that the CAD response for the tested lignin dimers did not differ substantially. It was also found that the response factors were not dependent on the number of methoxy groups or linkage motifs, ultimately enabling the use of only one calibrant for these compounds. The importance of chromatographic peak resolution in CAD was stressed, and the use of a digital peak sharpening technique was adopted and applied to address this challenge. The developed method was verified and used for the quantification of lignin dimers in an oil obtained by a RCF of birch sawdust.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%