“…As shown above, RAS has the characteristics of a complex intervention, as evident in the specific challenges having non-technological components, being individual, social, and organizational, and as seen in the changing delivery and organization of health care services (Gillespie et al, 2021). This calls for the application of a human factors and ergonomics (HFE) approach, also highlighted in BMJ and BMJ Quality and Safety (Carayon, Xie, & Kianfar, 2014; K. Catchpole, 2013; Gurses et al, 2012; Koch et al, 2020; McCulloch et al, 2010; Waterson & Catchpole, 2016; Wiegmann & Sundt, 2019), due to its ability to capture the dynamics, complexities, and emerging behaviors of hospitals and hospital departments nested within larger health care systems (Dekker & Leveson, 2015).…”