Improving pilots’ risk assessment skills in low-flying operations: The role of feedback and experience

Repairing faulty scripts to reduce speeding behaviour in young drivers

“…According to Molesworth et al (2006) risky behaviour may be as a result of the training programs employed, which fail to place the correct emphasis on the key components of task; in their study, safe flying altitude. Trainee pilots acquire knowledge about aviation rules through education, while flying skills are acquired through flight training in the form of episodic experiences.…”

“…By extending the training to the road industry, the present study aimed to test whether an appropriate knowledge structure could be created (or an existing structure modified) to aid in the speed management of young drivers. Since a simulated flying episode accompanied by personalised feedback has demonstrated to be an effective method in improving pilots' risk management behaviour (Molesworth et al, 2003(Molesworth et al, , 2006(Molesworth et al, , 2011, it is hypothesised that a simulated driving episode will also be effective improving speeding behaviour.…”

“…However, according to Roy and Chi (2005) if this knowledge structure, otherwise known as a script, is faulty in any way (e.g., inaccurate, incomplete, or non-existent) then appropriate behaviour is unlikely to result. The success of the episodic training (Molesworth et al, 2003(Molesworth et al, , 2006) is hypothesised to correct or amend these faulty scripts. By extending the training to the road industry, the present study aimed to test whether an appropriate knowledge structure could be created (or an existing structure modified) to aid in the speed management of young drivers.…”

“…The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an applied training method-a driving episode with feedback, in reducing young drivers' speeding behaviour. Specifically, the study is modelled on previous studies of training methods to mitigate risky flying behaviour in general aviation (e.g., Molesworth et al, 2003Molesworth et al, , 2006Molesworth et al, , 2011.…”

“…Reducing drivers' tendency to speed remains a challenge. In aviation, one method that has yielded positive results in terms of improving pilots' risk management behaviour involves engaging pilots cognitively in the task (Molesworth et al, 2006). This type of training is hypothesized to repair faulty cognitive structures known as scripts.…”