Improving Rabbit Doe Metabolism and Whole Reproductive Cycle Outcomes via Fatty Acid-Rich Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract Supplementation in Free and Nano-Encapsulated Forms

Abstract

The effects of free and nano-encapsulated ME supplementations on the metabolism, immunity, milk production and composition, and reproductive performance of rabbit does during premating, mating, pregnancy, and lactation were investigated. Multiparous rabbit does (n = 26 per group) received 50 mg of free ME (FME) daily, 25 mg of nano-encapsulated ME (HNME), or 10 mg of nano-encapsulated ME (LNME) per kilogram of body weight or were not supplemented (C) during a whole reproductive cycle. The ME contained 30 fatty acids with 54.27% total unsaturated fatty acids (USFAs). The fatty acid encapsulation efficiency of alginate nanoparticles was 70.46%. Compared with the C group, rabbits in all ME treatments had significantly increased body weight, feed intake, and glucose concentration and significantly decreased non-esterified free fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations. Rabbits supplemented with ME also had significantly increased white blood cell counts, phagocytic activity, lysozyme activity, and immunoglobulin G and decreased interleukin-1β concentrations. Moreover, ME supplementation significantly increased the concentrations of colostrum immunoglobulins, milk yield and energy content, and milk USFAs (omega-3 and 6). Rabbit does in the ME treatments had significantly higher conception and parturition rates and better litter characteristics than the C rabbit does. These results demonstrate the positive role of ME fatty acids on the health status and productive and reproductive performance of rabbit does at different physiological stages. Compared with the FME treatment, these parameters were further improved in rabbits that received nano-encapsulated ME at lower doses, illustrating how nano-encapsulation technology improves the bioavailability of ME.

Synergistic Effect of Raw Tribulus terrestris With Vitamin E on Some Biochemical and Physiological Parameters in local Male Rabbits

“…E) its have a direct or indirect role in the process of proteins metabolism, which improves the imge of blood serum proteins. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in total protein and its components in the treated groups, this could be image of blood serum protein (54). Regarding, the importance of vitamin E in the results of this experiment, the fact that feed additives contain vitamin E, which is considered an anti-oxidant agent and has a good effect on humeral immunity, this could explain the increase in globulin in the blood serum, which was indicated by the researcher (55).…”

Role of encapsulation on the bioavailability of omega‐3 fatty acids

“…In comparison to the control, the supplemented rabbit exhibited greater conception rates and improved litter traits. These findings show the beneficial effects of PUFAs obtained from moringa on rabbit health at various physiological periods (El‐Desoky et al., 2022). HR, commonly known as sea buckthorn oil, has a history of traditional use in regulating menstrual cyclicity and is rich in omega‐3 FAs.…”

“…All three encapsulating materials examined greatly extended the shelf life of chia seed oil, suggesting that encapsulation can significantly increase the oxidative stability of chia seed oil and other such PUFA‐rich oils. Encapsulation also preserves the phenolic and antioxidant compounds alongside the maintenance of nutritional quality, offering better quality and overall economic feasibility (Aman Nor et al., 2021; El‐Desoky et al., 2022). Another study on chia seed oil microencapsulated oil within carnauba wax and evidently improved the oxidative and thermal stability of the oil, including the successful preservation of tocopherols naturally present in chia seed oil for longer periods than usual (Guimarães‐Inácio et al., 2018).…”

“…Encapsulation can convert liquid oil into minute-sized capsules, giving us ease of handling and increasing the possibility of using the oil as nutraceuticals and for food fortification (Bakry et al, 2016;Gallardo et al, 2013). Encapsulation has been proving itself as a promising approach for long-term oil protection (Bakry et al, 2016;El-Desoky et al, 2022). Karaca et al (2013) successfully extended the storage period of flaxseed oil by preparing oil microcapsules by encapsulating them within chickpea and lentil protein isolate through spray drying.…”

“…Encapsulation can convert liquid oil into minute‐sized capsules, giving us ease of handling and increasing the possibility of using the oil as nutraceuticals and for food fortification (Bakry et al., 2016; Gallardo et al., 2013). Encapsulation has been proving itself as a promising approach for long‐term oil protection (Bakry et al., 2016; El‐Desoky et al., 2022). Karaca et al.…”