Improving Rooting and Growth of Conocarpus Erectus Stem Cuttings Using Indole-3-Butyric Acid (Iba) and Some Biostimulants

Abstract

The current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at 100 ppm with or without biostimulants (Agrobacterium rhizogenes, seaweed extract and coconut water) as either a spray or drench for 3 minutes or 1 hour on rooting and growth parameters of three cutting types (tip, middle and basal) of Conocarpus erectus L. The data showed that the rooting percentage, root and vegetative characteristics of rooted cuttings were significantly increased by all treatments of IBA and/or biostimulants compared to the untreated cuttings. The individual treatments of seaweed extract and coconut water were more effective than IBA or A. rhizogenes alone. Seaweed extract as drench with or without IBA surpassed those of seaweed extract treatments as spray. Besides, the response of cuttings treated with coconut water for 1 hour was better than coconut water for 3 min. Tip cuttings were significantly better than the middle and basal ones, especially in relation to rootability of cuttings. Maximum rooting percentage and shoot characteristics of plants were obtained from tip cuttings treated with IBA + coconut water for 1 hour, followed by IBA + seaweed extract as drench. The highest rooting percentage was associated with high endogenous levels of phenols, indole acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA) as well as the lowest abscisic acid (ABA) level in cutting tissues and the anatomical structure of rooted cuttings. So, it can be recommended treating tip cuttings of C. erectus with either coconut water for 1 hour or seaweed extract as drench combined with IBA for enhancing the rooting percentage, root and shoot growth parameters as well as content of endogenous root promoting substances.

The Natural Alternatives: The Impact of Plant Extracts on Snowbush (Breynia disticha Forst.) Cuttings’ Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics

“…[74]. Similar results were obtained by [75,76], who found that treating tip cuttings with IBA or bio-stimulants enhanced measures of the roots and shoots compared to untreated cuttings.…”

“…Also, the same plant extract at 75% gave a subsequent positive effect, followed by willow extract at 100%, while treating cuttings with 2000 ppm NAA produced precisely the significantly lowest values of root fresh and dry weight in both seasons compared with the other treatments. These results may be attributed to aloe and willow extracts, which appear to have plant hormone properties, e.g., salicylic acid [28,58], which is related to the regulation of root growth and development [76,77]. Also, it has been shown that exogenous SA improves the actions of the endogenous rooting hormone IAA, which results in the motivation of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis [55,66].…”

“Growth regulators in the rooting of sun poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) Valenciana variety” / “Reguladores de crecimiento en el enraizamiento de nochebuena de sol (Euphorbia pulcherrima) variedad Valenciana”

“…Similar results were found by Amri et al (2010), who showed that the use of IBA promoted the rooting of Dalbergia melanoxylon (granadilla). Other ornamental species where IBA has been used successfully are Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., Conocarpus erectus, Rosa caninna L., Carisa carandas L., Streptosolen jamesonii, and Solidago et al, 2020;Tanuja and Rana, 2018;Pêgo et al, 2019). IBA, a synthetic auxin, is commonly applied to various woody species for root generation because it regulates cell division, expansion, and differentiation (Frick and Strader, 2018).…”

Effects of natural and chemical rooting stimulants on some root traits of two varieties of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cuttings

“…Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) is the most significant of these auxins; it differs from other auxins in that it is less harmful to plant tissue and more efficient in forming roots [18,19]. IBA is more stable than other rooting chemicals and promotes faster rooting together with larger and more numerous roots, resulting in future seedling success [20,21,22]. The aforementioned information served as the basis for this study's testing of several mixes of chemical and natural rooting agents in order to identify the best treatments in terms of root features and the degree to which two distinct pomegranate varieties responded to these mixes.…”