1996
DOI: 10.1177/004051759606600201
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Improving Sun Protection Factors of Fabrics by Applying UV-Absorbers

Abstract: Designing and modifying fabrics in such a way that they offer high protection against UV-light ("UV-cutting") is a relatively new application. Thin, untreated fabrics made, for example, from cotton, silk, polyamide, and polyacrylonitrile offer sun protection factors (SPF) only in the range of 3 to 5, i.e., their UV-cutting effect is inadequate when the sun's irradiation is intense. The SPFs of fabrics can be increased in a variety of ways, using thicker fabrics or applying UV-absorbers. In this article we are … Show more

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Cited by 86 publications
(66 citation statements)
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“…Usually, sun protection effect is achieved through the use of UV absorbers [10,[15][16][17][18][19]. Molecules of UV absorbers such as benzotriazole and phenyl benzotriazole, are able to absorb enhanced for sea water, since the refractive index increases with salinity increment and decrease in temperature.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Usually, sun protection effect is achieved through the use of UV absorbers [10,[15][16][17][18][19]. Molecules of UV absorbers such as benzotriazole and phenyl benzotriazole, are able to absorb enhanced for sea water, since the refractive index increases with salinity increment and decrease in temperature.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…UVA and UVB transmission through fabric were measured on Varian Cary 50 Spectrophotometer, and UPF was calculated automatically. UPF indicates the ability of fabrics to protect the skin against sun burning saying how much longer a person can stay in the sun with the fabric covering the skin as compared with the uncovered skin to obtain same erythemal response [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. According to the standards, excellent protection is if UPF is higher than 40.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…of fibre, fabric surface and construction, type and concentration of dyestuff, fluorescent whitening agent (FWA), UV-B protective agents, as well as nanoparticles, if applied [6,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The results of studies indicate that decreasing 2 to 5 per cent of ozone concentration leads to increasing the skin cancer disease. In addition to ozone destruction, the Environment Security Agency of America has estimated almost 3 to 15 million cases of skin cancer disease for year 2075, which is mainly due to the changes of human lifestyles and too much exposure into the sun radiation [1].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%