Improving Sustainability through Corrosion Resistance of Reinforced Concrete by Using a Manufactured Blended Cement and Fly Ash

Silva, Hector Gerardo Campos; Garcés, P.; Zornoza, E.; Mendoza-Rangel, J. M.; Borges, Pedro Castro; Alvarado, César Antonio Juárez

doi:10.3390/su10062004

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Due to its relatively low cost and high compressive resistance capability, reinforced concrete is frequently used as a construction material worldwide. However, several aggressive agents found in the environment degrade steel reinforcements, cement, and concrete [1]. Corrosion of steel embedded in concrete was extensively studied since the 1950s, and, in the last 30 years, research concentrated on minimizing the steel corrosion rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Silica Fume and Fly Ash Admixtures on the Corrosion Behavior of AISI 304 Embedded in Concrete Exposed in 3.5% NaCl Solution

et al. 2019

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The use of supplementary cementitious materials such as fly ash, slag, and silica fume improve reinforced concrete corrosion performance, while decreasing cost and reducing environmental impact compared to ordinary Portland cement. In this study, the corrosion behavior of AISI 1018 carbon steel (CS) and AISI 304 stainless steel (SS) reinforcements was studied for 365 days. Three different concrete mixtures were tested: 100% CPC (composite Portland cement), 80% CPC and 20% silica fume (SF), and 80% CPC and 20% fly ash (FA). The concrete mixtures were designed according to the ACI 211.1 standard. The reinforced concrete specimens were immersed in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl test solution to simulate a marine environment. Corrosion monitoring was evaluated using the corrosion potential (Ecorr) according to ASTM C876 and the linear polarization resistance (LPR) according to ASTM G59. The results show that AISI 304 SS reinforcements yielded the best corrosion behavior, with Ecorr values mainly pertaining to the region of 10% probability of corrosion, and corrosion current density (icorr) values indicating passivity after 105 days of experimentation and low probability of corrosion for the remainder of the test period.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Silica Fume and Fly Ash Admixtures on the Corrosion Behavior of AISI 304 Embedded in Concrete Exposed in 3.5% NaCl Solution

et al. 2019

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“…To accurately assess the ascending section and descending sections of the stress-strain curve of acid-corroded concrete, the piecewise expression was used to fit the measured stress-strain curve of corroded concrete, which truly reflected the mechanical properties of concrete corroded by hydrochloric acid. In this section, the measured compression stressstrain curve of acid-corroded concrete under cyclic load was treated dimensionless by using the dimensionless method, and then the fitting formula of the stress-strain envelope curve was determined by the stress-strain relationship curve constitutive model proposed by Ding et al [47,48], as shown in Equations ( 10)- (12).…”

Section: Model Establishmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the concrete members in the sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid corrosion environment [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Several investigations indicated that acid corrosion had become one of the major threats affecting the mechanical properties of RC structures [7][8][9][10][11][12], resulting in the reduction of bearing capacity and ductility. Meanwhile, the double coupling actions of acid corrosion and load not only affected the durability of concrete structures but also made the calculation method used in the existing design no longer applicable to the concrete severely corroded by acid, endangering the safety of structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Mechanical Properties and Constitutive Relationship of Concrete Corroded by Hydrochloric Acid under Cyclic Load

Cheng¹,

Shi

Liu³

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Most of the existing studies on acid corrosion of concrete have focused on the mechanical behavior of concrete structures under monotonic load or without load. To investigate the mechanical properties of in-service concrete components under cyclic load in an acid corrosion environment, six groups of concrete prism specimens with different acid corrosion degrees (corrosion duration) were designed and prepared by the accelerated corrosion test method. The monotonic and cyclic axial compression load tests on these specimens were conducted to investigate the effects of corrosion degree on the mechanical properties of concrete specimens. The experimental results indicated that hydrochloric acid corrosion has obvious effects on the failure characteristics and mechanical properties of concrete. The surface of corroded concrete was easier to crack and spall under load, and the concrete spalling area enlarged as the acid corrosion duration increased. The compressive capacity of concrete specimens reduced rapidly with the increase in corrosion duration. The stress–strain envelope curves for concrete with different corrosion duration under cyclic load were essentially similar to that of concrete under monotonic load. The degradation rate of the descending section for the stress–strain curves of corroded concrete under cyclic load was much larger than that under the monotonic load due to the accumulation of internal damage in concrete. The peak strain and ultimate strain of corroded concrete increased significantly with the increase in corrosion duration and enhanced by 55.7% and 77.9%, respectively, compared with the uncorroded concrete, whereas the peak stress and elastic modulus rapidly decreased and reduced by 53.3% and 74.1%, respectively. Moreover, based on the strength degradation depth, the concept of effective bearing cross-sectional area ratio was proposed to characterize the corrosion degree of concrete, and the correction coefficient of descending section for the effective bearing cross-sectional area ratio was introduced to establish the constitutive model of corroded concrete under cyclic load, and the results calculated by this model matched well with the experimental values. The research in this paper can provide the experimental and theoretical basis for seismic life cycle and fatigue redesign of concrete structures in acid corrosion environments or coastal areas.

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“…The use of any kind of FA to produce cement composites is reasonable only in the case of obtaining the assumed technological properties of such materials, and first of all, durability. The problem of durability of cement composites was the subject of numerous publications [28][29][30][31]. The reason for that is the high pollution level of the atmosphere and water, which increases the aggressiveness of the environment and the speed of corrosion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Old Dumped Fly Ash as a Sand Replacement in Cement Composites

Harasymiuk

Rudziński

2020

Buildings

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The use of industrial residues to replace natural resources for the production of building materials is economically and ecologically justified. Fly ash (FA) taken directly from electro-filters is commonly used as a cement replacement material. This is not the case, however, for old dumped fly ash (ODFA) that has been accumulating in on-site waste dumps for decades and currently has no practical use. It causes environmental degradation, which is not fully controlled by the governments of developed countries. The aim of the study was to assess the possibility of using ODFA as a partial replacement for sand in cement composites. ODFA replaced part of the sand mass (20% and 30%) in composites with a limited amount of cement (a cement-saving measure) and sand (saving non-renewable raw material resources). ODFA was activated by the addition of different proportions of hydrated lime, the purposes of which was to trigger a pozzolanic reaction in ODFA. The quantitative composition of the samples was chosen in such a way as to ensure the maximum durability and longevity of composites with a limited amount of cement. The 28-day samples were exposed to seawater attack for 120 days. After this period, the compressive strength of each sample series was determined. The results suggest the possibility of using ODFA with hydrated lime to lay town district road foundations and bike paths of 3.5 to 5 MPA compressive strength. What is more, these composites can be used in very aggressive environments.

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Improving Sustainability through Corrosion Resistance of Reinforced Concrete by Using a Manufactured Blended Cement and Fly Ash

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of Silica Fume and Fly Ash Admixtures on the Corrosion Behavior of AISI 304 Embedded in Concrete Exposed in 3.5% NaCl Solution

Effect of Silica Fume and Fly Ash Admixtures on the Corrosion Behavior of AISI 304 Embedded in Concrete Exposed in 3.5% NaCl Solution

Study on Mechanical Properties and Constitutive Relationship of Concrete Corroded by Hydrochloric Acid under Cyclic Load

Old Dumped Fly Ash as a Sand Replacement in Cement Composites

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