Improving the Efficiency of Herbicides by Adding Mineral Oil on Maize (Zea mays L.) Crop and Associated Weeds

Abstract

To study the efficacy certain herbicides [Nicosulfuron (Shamshon 75%WG), Flumetsulam (Candy 80%WG), Bromoxynil+ Terbuthylazine (Monester 35%SE) and Nicosulfuron+ Bromoxynil (Scrop 75%WG)] at full rate (alone) (30g, 30g, 500cm 3 and 120g /fed.), respectively, and at used rate (75 or 50%) of full rate mixtures with mineral oil at 1 and 2%, beside, Maisterpower 4.53% OD (Foramsulfuron-sodium+ Iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium+ Thiencarbazone-methyl) at full rate (alone) 500cm 3 / fed., (fed= feddan=0.42 hectare), hand hoeing (twice) and weedy check on weed control, productivity and grain quality. Each experiment was laid out a Randomized Complete Blocks Design. Results revealed that both (Monester and Scrop) at used rate 75%+ min.oil 1% or Maister power at full rate gave more controlling effect on total weeds which was reflected to increase yield and its components, than other treatments in both seasons. Also, previous treatments gave increasing grain yield which was directly correlated with increasing vegetative growth traits, yield components and quality characters of grains compared to other treatments in both seasons. Results indicated that the herbicide and adjuvants selected and relative amount used both of them must be tailored to specific condition of each application, therefore, it could replace the two herbicides (Monester or Scrop) at used rate 75% with min.oil 1% by Maister power at the full rate (alone), to avoid the appearance development weeds-resistant to herbicide, beside, without loosing weed control efficiency and grain yield, its components and quality in maize.

Response of Weeds and Maize (Zea mays, L.) to Some Weed Control Treatment under Different Plant Density

“…The reduction reached to (72.11 and 82.90 %) for broad leaves weed, (78.58 and 89.73 %) for narrow leaves weed and (74.16 and 84.97 %) for total annual weed, respectively, with hand hoeing comparable with weedy check treatment. Similar results have been noted that herbicides have significantly reduced the dry annual weed biomass in maize plant [12][13][14][15].…”

Weed infestation and its biodiversity under the influence of different herbicide variants application in maize cultivation

“…In the opinion of Woźnica and Idziak [2015] as well as Haliniarz [2019], application of nicosulfuron at a dose reduced by 50% with adjuvant shows equally high weed control efficacy as an application of this herbicide alone at the manufacturer's recommended dose. A study by Khaffagy et al [2020], in turn, reveals that the use of a dose of nicosulfuron reduced by 50% together with adjuvant did not give satisfactory results, but the application of this herbicide at a dose reduced by 25% in combination with adjuvant caused a significant reduction in weed biomass in comparison with the dose of the herbicide applied alone. Nadeem et al [2018] also demonstrated the rationale for reducing the dose of herbicide (atrazine + mesotrione + halosulfuron-methyl) by 25% applied in combination with an adjuvant.…”

“…The positive effects of adjuvants on the weed control efficacy of herbicides are widely documented in the literature of the subject [Khaffagy et al 2020, Mahto et al 2020]. In the study by Woźnica and Idziak [2015], the reduction of the dose of terbuthylazine applied pre-emergence and the dose of nicosulfuron applied pre-emergence as well as the application of these herbicides with adjuvant increased their effectiveness relative to the full dose from 24-68% to 74-95%.…”

Effect of Some Herbicides on the Total Seed Proteins Patterns of Maize and Sorghum Using Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE)

“…Herbicides are a better conventional method used as integral part of the modern crop management system because it is cheaper, faster and it gives better control (Azza et al, 2020). The continuous usage of the same herbicides or similar herbicide groups which have the same site of action successively over several years caused changing in weed flora, poor control, promoted the evolution of herbicide resistant weed biotypes, and had adverse effects on crops.…”