Improving the extensibility, wet web and dry strength of paper by addition of agar

Vishtal, Alexey; Retulainen, Elias

doi:10.3183/npprj-2014-29-03-p434-443

Cited by 29 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Special laboratory materials engineered for increased extensibility improved these forming ratios significantly. The highest extensibility was reported by Vishtal and Retulainen (2014), who used agar as a wet web preparation agent and achieved a strain of nearly 30%. With this strain, a forming ratio of approximately 0.4 was demonstrated without wrinkles in a fixed blank forming process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Advances on Geometrical Limits in the Deep Drawing Process of Paperboard

Hauptmann¹,

Kaulfürst²,

Majschak³

2016

BioResources

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The geometrical limits of the deep drawing process of paper to advanced shapes are not known. This report examines the technological limits of convex elements of the base shape in relation to the drawing height and shows the material behavior in the bottom radius of 3D shapes with regard to special material properties. In the bottom radius, non-compressed wrinkles occurred due to the in-plane compression, but wrinkles were reduced by an increased blank holder force or tool temperatures and improved extensibility or in-plane compressive strain. The forming ratio during deep drawing (drawing height related to base diameter) was increased to a value of more than 1 by a blank holder force, which increased with the drawing height such that the initial blank holder force was reduced concurrently. Straight sections in the base shape reduced the risk for ruptures in the edge radii of rectangular shapes, producing a forming ratio in these radii of 2.5. The forming ratio was further supported by a pattern of creasing lines at the blanks with a radial orientation and a number near the expected maximum number of wrinkles. The spring-back at rectangular shapes mainly depended on the drawing height and edge radius.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Advances on Geometrical Limits in the Deep Drawing Process of Paperboard

Hauptmann¹,

Kaulfürst²,

Majschak³

2016

BioResources

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“…Also, at similar fibre diameters, fibres with a thick cell wall tend to shrink less than thin-walled fibres . Other methods that can be used to increase shrinkage of paper include addition of fines and micro-and nanofibrillated cellulose (Lobben 1977(Lobben , 1978Sampson and Yamamoto 2011) and the addition of agar (Vishtal and Retulainen 2014).…”

Section: The Structural Aspects Of the Fibre Network Affecting Extensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The typical temperature of the metal tools used in these processes is around 140 to 180 °C, which corresponds to the softening temperature of amorphous cellulose at a given moisture content of 6 to 8%. However, in the fast forming process, the temperature of the paper itself does not necessary reach values over 100 °C (Vishtal and Retulainen 2014). In several cases, the role of temperature is to dry the paper, create dried-in strains, and to "freeze" the formed shape.…”

Section: Influence Of Temperature and Moisture On The Extensibility Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting the extensibility potential of fibre networks: A review

Vishtal

Retulainen

2014

BioRes

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Production of paper-based packaging is growing at the present moment and has great future prospects. However, the development of new packaging concepts is creating a demand for an improvement in the mechanical properties of paper. Extensibility is one of these properties. Highly extensible papers have the potential to replace certain kinds of plastics used in packaging. Extensibility is also important for the sack and bag paper grades and for runnability in any converting process. This paper reviews the factors that affect the extensibility of fibres and paper, and discusses opportunities for improving the straining potential of paper and paper-like fibre networks. It is possible to classify factors that affect extensibility into three main categories: fibre structure, interfibre bonding, and structure of the fibre network. Extensibility is also affected by the straining situation and the phase state of the polymers in the cell wall. By understanding the basic phenomena related to the elongation, and by combining different methods affecting the deformability of fibre network, extensibility of paper can be raised to a higher level.

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“…One of the effective ways to increase the strength of cardboard and paper products from waste paper is the addition of chemical auxiliaries to a fibrous suspension. Starches, especially cationmodified, carboxymethyl cellulose, liquid glass and synthetic polymers, such as cationic polyacrylamides and high-molecular polyvinyl amine [8][9][10], are used for this purpose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcing a testliner with supporting chemical materials

2019

VKhKhT

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The simulation of the chemical interaction of amphoteric polymer resin with sucrose having hydroxyl groups that are similar to cellulose were carried out using 13 C NMR spectroscopy. The transformation of azetidine groups of amphoteric polymer resin proved to result in the formation of covalent chemical bonds between the resin molecules and the hydroxyl groups of sucrose. The mechanism of the interaction of amphoteric polymer resin with cellulose macromolecules was confirmed. The effect of the consumption of amphoteric polymer resin on the physical-mechanical properties of a testliner with different composition was investigated. It was determined that there is a significant increase in the cardboard indices of all studied compositions with an increase in the consumption of resin from 1 to 4 kg per ton. A further increase in the consumption of resin does not practically change the strength of the cardboard, and hence is economically unreasonable. It was found that a greater efficiency of the use of amphoteric polymer resin is achieved when the content of a short-fiber fraction cardboard in the composition grows. It was shown that the consumption of resin of 4 kg per ton and the use of 30% short-fiber waste paper in the composition ensure an increase in the burst resistance and the destructive force during the compression of the ring by 23% and 18%, respectively; these parameters being the main indicators of mechanical strength of the cardboard. This, in turn, will reduce the cost of a testliner. The samples of a testliner with different composition were examined by the SEM method, the samples were fabricated without and with the addition of amphoteric polymer resin. The formation of a dense structure of a cardboard in the case of the use of resin and short-fiber waste paper was shown, this led to an increase in the strength of cardboard.

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Improving the extensibility, wet web and dry strength of paper by addition of agar

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Advances on Geometrical Limits in the Deep Drawing Process of Paperboard

Advances on Geometrical Limits in the Deep Drawing Process of Paperboard

Boosting the extensibility potential of fibre networks: A review

Reinforcing a testliner with supporting chemical materials

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