Improving the homogeneity of sugarcane bagasse kraft lignin through sequential solvents

Jia, Zhuan; Li, Mingfu; Wan, Guangcong; Luo, Bin; Guo, Chenyan; Wang, Shuangfei; Min, Douyong

doi:10.1039/c8ra08595a

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The main peaks of the lignin samples were assigned according to the reported literature [ 19 , 28 ]. For example, the peak at δC/δH 53.3/3.48 ppm was attributed to the C β -H β in β-5′ substructures ( B ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving the Reactivity of Sugarcane Bagasse Kraft Lignin by a Combination of Fractionation and Phenolation for Phenol–Formaldehyde Adhesive Applications

et al. 2020

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The low reactivity of lignin hinders its application as a phenol substitute in phenol–formaldehyde (PF) resin. Therefore, the combination of fractionation and phenolation was adopted to enhance the reactivity of lignin for preparing a phenol–formaldehyde resin adhesive. Sugarcane bagasse kraft lignin and its fractions were employed to replace 40 wt% of phenol to prepare a PF adhesive. The fractionation increased the reactivity of lignin, however the as-prepared lignin-based PF (LPF) hardly met its application requirements as an adhesive. Therefore, the phenolation of lignin under an acidic condition was adopted to further improve its reactivity. The phenolated lignin was characterized by FTIR, gel permeation chromatography, and NMR, indicating its active sites increased while its molecular weight decreased. The phenolated lignin was used to replace 40 wt% of phenol to prepare a PF adhesive (PLPF) which was further employed to prepare plywood. The results indicated that the combination of fractionation and phenolation effectively enhanced the reactivity of lignin, and eventually improved the properties of the PLPF and its corresponding plywood. The free formaldehyde content of PLPF decreased to 0.16%. The wet bonding strength of the as-prepared plywood increased to 1.36 MPa, while the emission of formaldehyde decreased to 0.31 mL/L.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fractionation of sugarcane bagasse kraft lignin by the sequential solvent extraction have been described in our previous report [ 19 ]. Briefly, KL was dissolved in the methanol–acetone mixture.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Reactivity of Sugarcane Bagasse Kraft Lignin by a Combination of Fractionation and Phenolation for Phenol–Formaldehyde Adhesive Applications

et al. 2020

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“…Sugarcane bagasse lignin, Figure 2, showed the highest value of DTG max (494.76˚C), and its thermal stability around 201˚C while for sweet sorghum and rice straw lignins, Figure 3 and Figure 4 respectively, the obtained values of DTG max were 450.66˚C and 464.33˚C, and their thermal stabilities around 173˚C and 180˚C respectively. Thus, sugarcane bagasse lignin is the most thermally stable sample of this study and also as compared to sugarcane bagasse lignin isolated by the soda process which is thermally stable around 175˚C and its maximal degradation temperature was 380˚C [33], and also as compared to kraft sugarcane lignin which is thermally stable below 190˚C and its maximal degradation temperature was 377˚C [34]. At the end of the thermogravimetric analysis (800˚C, in a nitrogen atmosphere) a very low percentage of residues remain unvolatilized, bio-char and/or highly condensed aromatic compound is obtained, in contrary to many literature [35] regarding thermal degradation of different lignin resources, also disagrees to both of soda sugarcane bagasse lignin [33] and sugarcane bagasse kraft lignin [34] that gives a high percentage of these unvalotalized residues at the end of thermogravimetric analysis strongly indicates the in-situ separated lignins are higher in methoxy content [36] giving a very low unvalotilized residues and consequently a good candidate for pyrolysis.…”

Section: Ft-ir Analysismentioning

confidence: 90%

Thermal, Morphological and Cytotoxicity Characterization of Hardwood Lignins Isolated by <i>In-Situ</i> Sodium Hydroxide-Sodium Bisulfate Method

Geies¹,

Abdelazim²,

Sayed³

et al. 2020

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In the present work, lignin is isolated from three different agro-industrial waste, sweet sorghum, rice straw and sugarcane bagasse using in-situ sodium hydroxide-sodium bisulfate methodology. Characterization was performed using fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR), scan electron microscopy (SEM), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The SEM micrographs showed sponge-like structure except for sugarcane bagasse lignin reveals rock-like structure. The FTIR indicates the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl and methoxyl groups in the lignin structure. TGA thermograms were relatively same and sugarcane bagasse lignin was found the most thermally stable up to 201˚C as compared to both of soda and kraft sugarcane bagasse lignin and its maximal temperature degradation rate DTG max was found at 494˚C while 450˚C, 464˚C in addition to thermal stabilities up to 173˚C and 180˚C for sweet sorghum and rice straw lignins respectively. All lignins exhibited low percentage of bio-char less than 10% remained unvalotilized at the end of the thermogravimetric analysis at 800˚C in nitrogen atmosphere, revealing a high conversion yield into volatiles. Moreover, all lignin samples depicted higher cytotoxic potential towards lung cancer cell line (A549), IC 50 : 12-17 µg/ml. These findings suggest that the in-situ separated lignins would be good candidates for pyrolysis, polymer composites preparations and seem to be promising natural anti-cancer agents despite its main utilization as the caner drug delivery substrates.

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“…Solvent extraction is a widely adopted strategy to isolate technical lignin fractions with controlled properties [34][35][36][37]. This approach is typically implemented with the treatment of raw lignin using a sequence of different solvents with increasing solubilization capability in order to obtain selected fractions with defined characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning Lignin Characteristics by Fractionation: A Versatile Approach Based on Solvent Extraction and Membrane-Assisted Ultrafiltration

et al. 2020

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Technical lignins, typically obtained from the biorefining of lignocellulosic raw materials, represent a highly abundant natural aromatic feedstock with high potential in a sustainable economy scenario, especially considering the huge primary production volumes and the inherently renewable nature of this resource. One of the main drawbacks in their full exploitation is their high variability and heterogeneity in terms of chemical composition and molecular weight distribution. Within this context, the availability of effective and robust fractionation processes represents a key requirement for the effective valorization of lignin. In the present work, a multistep fractionation of two different well known technical lignins obtained from two distinct delignification processes (soda vs. kraft pulping) was described. A comprehensive approach combining solvent extraction in organic or aqueous medium with membrane-assisted ultrafiltration was developed in order to maximize the process versatility. The obtained lignin fractions were thoroughly characterized in terms of their chemical, physical, thermal, and structural properties, highlighting the ability of the proposed approach to deliver consistent and reproducible fractions of well-controlled and predictable characteristics, irrespective of their biomass origin. The results of this study demonstrate the versatility and the reliability of this integrated multistep fractionation method, which can be easily adapted to different solvent media using the same ultrafiltration membrane set up, thereby enhancing the potential applicability of this approach in an industrial scale-up perspective for a large variety of starting raw lignins.

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Improving the homogeneity of sugarcane bagasse kraft lignin through sequential solvents

Abstract: The heterogeneous features of lignin, especially the wide distribution of its molecular weight, limit its high value-added application.

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Improving the Reactivity of Sugarcane Bagasse Kraft Lignin by a Combination of Fractionation and Phenolation for Phenol–Formaldehyde Adhesive Applications

Improving the Reactivity of Sugarcane Bagasse Kraft Lignin by a Combination of Fractionation and Phenolation for Phenol–Formaldehyde Adhesive Applications

Thermal, Morphological and Cytotoxicity Characterization of Hardwood Lignins Isolated by <i>In-Situ</i> Sodium Hydroxide-Sodium Bisulfate Method

Tuning Lignin Characteristics by Fractionation: A Versatile Approach Based on Solvent Extraction and Membrane-Assisted Ultrafiltration

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Improving the homogeneity of sugarcane bagasse kraft lignin through sequential solvents

Abstract: The heterogeneous features of lignin, especially the wide distribution of its molecular weight, limit its high value-added application.

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Improving the Reactivity of Sugarcane Bagasse Kraft Lignin by a Combination of Fractionation and Phenolation for Phenol–Formaldehyde Adhesive Applications

Improving the Reactivity of Sugarcane Bagasse Kraft Lignin by a Combination of Fractionation and Phenolation for Phenol–Formaldehyde Adhesive Applications

Thermal, Morphological and Cytotoxicity Characterization of Hardwood Lignins Isolated by &lt;i&gt;In-Situ&lt;/i&gt; Sodium Hydroxide-Sodium Bisulfate Method

Tuning Lignin Characteristics by Fractionation: A Versatile Approach Based on Solvent Extraction and Membrane-Assisted Ultrafiltration

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Thermal, Morphological and Cytotoxicity Characterization of Hardwood Lignins Isolated by <i>In-Situ</i> Sodium Hydroxide-Sodium Bisulfate Method