Improving the Long-term Management of Benign Thyroid Nodules

Cappola, Anne R.

doi:10.1001/jama.2015.0836

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…An accurate ultrasound evaluation reveals that approximately one third of women and one fifth of men have small nodules in their glands. 7 Thyroid nodules vary widely in size, many of them being palpable, but most of them are too small to be seen or palpated. Most thyroid nodules are asymptomatic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Nodules containing only thyroid tissue are called SOLID NODULES, those containing only fluid are called SIMPLE CYSTS, and nodules that are partially solid and partially fluid are called MIXED or COMPLEX NODULES. 2,7,8 Although most thyroid nodules are benign, a small proportion of them contain thyroid carcinoma. 8 Thus, all thyroid nodules should be evaluated in order to diagnose and treat thyroid cancer in its earliest stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical, laboratory and ultrasound profile of patients with thyroid cysts

ArboAlves¹,

Gabarra²

2018

EMIJ

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Introduction: Thyroid nodules are very frequent in the general population, affecting about 6% of adult women and 2% of men. An accurate ultra-sonographic evaluation shows that approximately two thirds of all women and one third of all men have small nodules in their glands. True simple thyroid cysts originating from benign epithelial cells are rare. Most cystic nodules are partially solid structures with cystic degeneration (mixed or complex nodules). The clinical-laboratory characteristics of solid or complex thyroid nodules are well known because of their possible association with malignancy, but the characteristics of simple cystic nodules have not been fully determined. Material and methods: The study was conducted on 225 patients with thyroid nodules (18 men and 207 women) ranging in age from 18 to 87 years who were divided into 4 groups: GROUP 1-patients with SIMPLE CYSTS, GROUP 2-patients with SIMPLE CYSTS associated with SOLID NODULES, GROUP 3-patients with PURE SOLID NODULES, and GROUP 4-patients with COMPLEX NODULES. TSH, free T4, free T3, Thyroglobulin, Anti-Thyroperoxidase Antibody, Anti-Thyroglobulin antibody and Anti-TSH Receptor Antibody (TRAB) were determined. Results and discussion: SIMPLE CYSTS were not infrequent in the population studied. Single SIMPLE CYSTS occurred in a younger population compared to the remaining types of nodules. SINGLE SIMPLE CYSTS were less frequent than SIMPLE CYSTS associated with SOLID NODULES .SINGLE SIMPLE CYSTS, cysts associated with SOLID NODULES and COMPLEX CYSTS were found to be all benign in the present study. Conclusion: COMPLEX CYSTS were the most frequent nodules and also the largest among these patients. Anti-TPO, Anti-Tgand Thyroglobulin levels were higher in patients with SIMPLE CYSTS associated with Clinical Hypothyroidism and Hashimoto Thyroiditis. The single case of thyroid carcinoma was detected here in a single Solid Nodule.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, laboratory and ultrasound profile of patients with thyroid cysts

ArboAlves¹,

Gabarra²

2018

EMIJ

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“…Follow up surveillance with ultrasound and/ or cytology for initially nodules is individualized based on sonographic features. 5 In low-income countries, the ultrasound (US) and computerized tomography (CT) of the thyroid are expensive, limiting the evaluation to the physical examination of thyroid abnormalities. Some of the previous methods of thyroid physical examination are still largely insensitive or non-specific with lack of evidence of their accuracy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Modified Rose Method of Thyroid Palpation versus other Methods for the Detection of Retrosternal and Nodular Goitre

Pattashanee

Puri

Kataria

et al. 2022

JAFES

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Objectives This is a diagnostic test research study to evaluate the various existing methods of thyroid examination and their comparison with the novel modified Rose method. It also aims to measure inter-examiner variation in clinical findings based on the level of education and training, as compared to ultrasonography. Methodology This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital with 83 patients presenting to surgery OPD with neck swelling. Each patient was examined by one trained Junior Resident and a Surgery Consultant with all the four methods and with ultrasonography. Data was analysed by Stata-14, agreement between the two categorical variables was assessed by Kappa. In case of continuous variable agreement was assessed by Intra class correlation and Bland-Altman plot. Results Modified Rose method by the consultant has the highest sensitivity (98%) and diagnostic odds (210) as compared to others but its specificity ranges from 46.7-91.1% to diagnose retro-sternal extension of a goiter. It has 93.98% agreement for identification of nodules. It has a high specificity (Consultant - 100%, Resident - 95.5%) with relatively lower sensitivity (Consultant - 94%, Resident - 86.8%) to diagnose solitary thyroid nodule (STN) but the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing a multinodular goitre (MNG) was high. However, the highest sensitivity to diagnose STN was highest with Crile’s method, but specificity was low. Lahey’s method was a better clinical method to palpate lymph nodes compared to the other three. Conclusion Examination in modified Rose’s position is a better method of clinical examination of thyroid especially in patients with occult substernal extension. Lahey’s method is a better method to examine cervical lymph nodes.

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“…Malignant thyroid nodules account for 7–9% of all thyroid nodules . Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of malignant thyroid nodule, representing a large proportion of all thyroid cancer cases .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…M alignant thyroid nodules account for 7-9% of all thyroid nodules. 1 Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of malignant thyroid nodule, representing a large proportion of all thyroid cancer cases. 2 Although ultrasonography has been widely used to distinguish the malignancy of thyroid nodules, the ultrasonography features of malignancies and the index of each grade in the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) of ultrasonography are still debated.…”

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confidence: 99%

T₂* mapping at 3.0T MRI for differentiation of papillary thyroid carcinoma from benign thyroid nodules

Shi

Yao

et al. 2015

J. Magn. Reson. Imaging

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Improving the Long-term Management of Benign Thyroid Nodules

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Clinical, laboratory and ultrasound profile of patients with thyroid cysts

Clinical, laboratory and ultrasound profile of patients with thyroid cysts

Comparison of Modified Rose Method of Thyroid Palpation versus other Methods for the Detection of Retrosternal and Nodular Goitre

T₂* mapping at 3.0T MRI for differentiation of papillary thyroid carcinoma from benign thyroid nodules

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Improving the Long-term Management of Benign Thyroid Nodules

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Clinical, laboratory and ultrasound profile of patients with thyroid cysts

Clinical, laboratory and ultrasound profile of patients with thyroid cysts

Comparison of Modified Rose Method of Thyroid Palpation versus other Methods for the Detection of Retrosternal and Nodular Goitre

T2* mapping at 3.0T MRI for differentiation of papillary thyroid carcinoma from benign thyroid nodules

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T₂* mapping at 3.0T MRI for differentiation of papillary thyroid carcinoma from benign thyroid nodules