Improving the nutritional value and digestibility of wheat straw, rice straw, and corn cob through solid state fermentation using different Pleurotus species

Abstract

BACKGROUND:The growing food-feed-fuel competition, declining availability of traditional feeds, higher prices, and the urgent need to provide long-term sustainability for animal production have all triggered global research into the optimum extraction of energy and nutrients from lignin-rich plant biomass. Recent studies have shown that the Pleurotus species of white rot fungus can selectively degrade lignin in lignin-rich plant biomass; however, its effectiveness in selectively degrading lignin depends on the type of substrate and species of fungus. This study was therefore designed to treat wheat straw, rice straw, and corn cob, with Pleurotus eryngii, P. ostreatus, and P. florida for 30 days under solid-state fermentation, to identify a promising fungus-substrate combination for the selective degradation of lignin and optimal improvement in the nutritional value and digestibility of each substrate. RESULTS:The type of fungus strongly influenced (P < 0.01) selectivity in lignin degradation, and the level of improvement in crude protein (CP), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), and in vitro gas production (IVGP), in wheat straw, rice straw, and corn cob. Fungus-substrate interaction data revealed that P. ostreatus caused maximum (P < 0.05) degradation of lignin, and greater (P < 0.05) improvement in CP, IVDMD, and IVGP in wheat straw and rice straw. The lowest (P < 0.05) degradation of lignin and improvement in CP, IVDMD, and IVGP was caused by P. eryngii in corn cob. Among the fungi, the maximum (P < 0.05) degradation of lignin, and greater (P < 0.05) improvement in CP, IVDMD, and IVGP were caused by P. florida as compared with those of P. ostreatus and P. eryngii. CONCLUSION:The results highlight significant influence of fungus-substrate combination for selective lignin degradability and the consequent improvement in the nutritional value of the substrates. Maximum selective lignin degradability and improvement in nutritional value and digestibility was caused by P. ostreatus in wheat straw and in rice straw, and by P. florida in corn cob.

Biological depolymerization of lignin using laccase harvested from the autochthonous fungus Schizophyllum commune employing various production methods and its efficacy in augmenting in vitro digestibility in ruminants

“…ostreatus were markedly higher than both the control and the other treatments. Similar results were obtained by Sufyan et al 71 where the nutritional value and digestibility of wheat straw, rice straw, and corn cob using Pleurotus species improved.…”

In Vitro Nutrient Digestibility and Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics of Ammoniated and Fermented Treatment of Soaked and Unsoaked Cymbopogon nardus Waste

“…Several biological methods have been reported in processing high crude fiber forage in order to increase nutritional content and its digestibility. Sufyan et al (2022) reported that delegitimated fungi have potential to decrease lignin content in some crop residues and agro-based byproduct. They studied the effect of three species of Pleurotus in delignification of wheat straw, rice straw and corn cob.…”

Seed Coated by Boric Acid Enhances Growth, Yield and Kernel quality of both Fine and Coarse Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Semi-Arid Environmental Condition

“…(FAO, 2016). In addition to carbohydrates, fat and protein, rice also includes a respectable quantity of iron, calcium, thiamine, riboflavin and niacin (Sufyan et al, 2022). Pakistan supplies highquality rice to Saudi Arabia, West African nations, Malaysia, Bangladesh, Iran and Indonesia.…”