Improving the properties of natural fibres by chemical treatments

Rippon, John A.; Evans, David J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818782-1.00008-0

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…This is confirmed, among others, by results of changes in viscosity as a function of temperature, where fibers without additional ingredients better wetted the biopolymer surface, leading to its plasticization. This is because the consequence of converting hydroxyl groups to Cellulose–Na linkages is the shortening of fiber length by up to 18% [ 83 ]. Moreover, the cellulose molecules become more exposed on the surface, which promotes the improved adhesion of the fibers to the polylactide matrix due to a greater number of possible reaction sites [ 84 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Urtica dioica and Vitis vinifera Fibers on the Thermal Properties and Flammability of Polylactide Composites

Majka,

Piech,

Piechaczek

et al. 2024

Materials

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This study focuses on examining the influence of bast fibers on the flammability and thermal properties of the polylactide matrix (PLA). For this purpose, Urtica dioica and Vitis vinifera fibers were subjected to two types of modifications: mercerization in NaOH solution (M1 route) and encapsulation in an organic PLA solution (M2 route). In a further step, PLA composites containing 5, 10, and 15 wt% of unmodified and chemically treated fibers were obtained. The results of the tests show that only biocomposites containing mercerized fibers had a nearly 20% reduced flammability compared to that of PLA. Moreover, the biofiller obtained in this way belongs to the group of flame retardants that generate char residue during combustion, which was also confirmed by TGA tests. The M2 modification route allowed to achieve higher mass viscosity than the addition of unmodified and M1-modified fibers. The reason is that fibers additionally encapsulated in a polymer layer impede the mobility of the chain segments. The inferior homogenization of the M2-modified fibers in the PLA matrix translated into a longer combustion time and only a 15% reduction in flammability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Urtica dioica and Vitis vinifera Fibers on the Thermal Properties and Flammability of Polylactide Composites

Majka,

Piech,

Piechaczek

et al. 2024

Materials

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“…The identification methods based on LM or SEM were often criticized because they lack objectivity and require operators with a high level of expertise and skill, mainly for LM [34]. An additional problem arises from superficial treatments hiding the fiber's surface (e.g., antifelting treatments) [35].…”

Section: Light-and Scanning Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, in the reviewed literature, with few exceptions [73], images originate from raw fibers or combed slivers; therefore, in general, they are from unprocessed fibers, not from real samples on the market or fibers at different processing stages. As an example, problems for the identifications can arise from treatments that mask the surface morphology of the fibers, such as widespread treatment to impart felt resistance, which includes chlorination and polymer adhesion [35]. Finally, some problems in fiber identification can occur from marketed recycled wool and cashmere textiles derived from post-industrial and post-consumer waste, currently produced in the frame of a green economy.…”

Section: Image Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Methods for the Identification and Quantitative Determination of Wool and Fine Animal Fibers: A Review

Zoccola

Bhavsar

Anceschi

et al. 2023

Fibers

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The identification and quantitative determination of wool and fine animal fibers are of great interest in the textile field because of the significant price differences between them and common impurities in raw and processed textiles. Since animal fibers have remarkable similarities in their chemical and physical characteristics, specific identification methods have been studied and proposed following advances in analytical technologies. The identification methods of wool and fine animal fibers are reviewed in this paper, and the results of relevant studies are listed and summarized, starting from classical microscopy methods, which are still used today not only in small to medium enterprises but also in large industries, research studies and quality control laboratories. Particular attention has been paid to image analysis, Nir spectroscopy and proteomics, which constitute the most promising technologies of quality control in the manufacturing and trading of luxury textiles and can find application in forensic science and archeology.

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“…In this treatment, also called mercerization [108], the fibers are immersed in NaOH solutions at specific concentrations to remove lignin and surface impurities (such as pectins and oils), which act as barriers and reduce the hydrophilic behavior of the hydroxyl groups in the fibers. As a result, the roughness of the fiber surface is increased [109]. Fibers pretreated with alkaline agents, even in low proportions, have been shown to favor the mechanical properties of composites, providing higher strength, stiffness, and better interfacial ratio thanks to a higher cellulose exposure and higher surface energy, which produce better wetting and compatibility [15].…”

Section: Surface Modification Of Vegetable Fibers (Improving the Char...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetable Cellulose Fibers in Natural Rubber Composites

R. Lozada,

Gutiérrez Aguilar,

Jaramillo Carvalho

et al. 2023

Polymers

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In the last decade, natural fibers have had a significant impact on the research and development of innovative composites made with natural rubber, improving their properties over those of their counterparts that incorporate polluting synthetic fibers. In recent years, this fact has stimulated the research into several modified natural rubber composites reinforced with vegetable fibers. This paper reviews the scientific literature published in the last decade about the properties and characteristics of natural vegetable fibers and natural rubber used in composites. Nowadays the use of alternative materials has become necessary, considering that synthetic materials have caused irreversible damage to the environment, being associated with global warming, for this reason research and development with materials that print a lower carbon footprint during the manufacturing process and subsequent product manufacturing. This review is an invitation to the use of vegetable fibers, as well as vegetable-type matrices, in this case natural rubber as a binder system, it is fantastic to know the different works carried out by other scientists and engineers, in this way to project new compounds linked to innovation in processes that reduce the carbon footprint and its negative impact on our planet.

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Improving the properties of natural fibres by chemical treatments

Cited by 16 publications

References 108 publications

The Influence of Urtica dioica and Vitis vinifera Fibers on the Thermal Properties and Flammability of Polylactide Composites

The Influence of Urtica dioica and Vitis vinifera Fibers on the Thermal Properties and Flammability of Polylactide Composites

Analytical Methods for the Identification and Quantitative Determination of Wool and Fine Animal Fibers: A Review

Vegetable Cellulose Fibers in Natural Rubber Composites

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