Abstract:In present work, novel phthalonitrile end-capping poly(arylene ether nitrile)-phenyl (PEN-Ph) films with excellent mechanical properties as well as high glass transition temperature were prepared through blending high-molecular-weight PEN-Ph (HMW PEN-Ph) and low-molecular-weight PEN-Ph (LMW PEN-Ph). Then, the thermal and mechanical properties of the samples with different mass ratio of HMW PEN-Ph and LMW PEN-Ph were studied, and the effect of heat-treatment temperature on the performance of films was also inve… Show more
“…The chemical structure of PEN random copolymer PEN (2,6‐ND/BP), PEN (2,7‐ND/BP), PEN (RS/BP) and PEN (HQ/BP) are studied by FTIR spectroscopy and the FTIR spectrum is shown in Figure 2. The absorption bands at 1574 and 1455 cm −1 represent the skeleton vibration of the benzene ring of PEN copolymer, and the band at 2228 cm −1 corresponds to the tensile vibration peak of the nitrile group (CN).The same characteristic absorption band of all PEN random copolymers at 1245 cm −1 corresponds to CO tensile vibration 24,25 . The characteristic absorption bands of PEN (2,6‐ND/BP) and PEN (2,7‐ND/BP) were different from those of other PENs at 957 and 888 cm −1 , which can be represented to skeletal vibration of the naphthalene group in 2,6‐ND‐units and 2,7‐ND‐units.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…The absorption bands at 1574 and 1455 cm −1 represent the skeleton vibration of the benzene ring of PEN copolymer, and the F I G U R E 1 Synthetic schematic of polyarylene ether nitriles (PEN) copolymers band at 2228 cm −1 corresponds to the tensile vibration peak of the nitrile group ( CN).The same characteristic absorption band of all PEN random copolymers at 1245 cm −1 corresponds to C O tensile vibration. 24,25 The characteristic absorption bands of PEN (2,6-ND/BP) and PEN (2,7-ND/BP) were different from those of other PENs at 957 and 888 cm −1 , which can be represented to skeletal vibration of the naphthalene group in 2,6-NDunits and 2,7-ND-units. Therefore, FTIR spectra displaying absorption peaks of the above characteristic groups indicate that structural units, such as 2,6-ND, HQ, BP, and 2,7-ND, have been successfully introduced into the polymer, that is, PEN with different structures have been successfully synthesized.…”
Polyarylene ether nitrile (PEN) based on biphenol exhibits a high glass transition temperature of 216°C, a high tensile strength of 110 MPa, and low elongation at break of approximately 4%. A series of PEN random copolymers with improved elongation at break were synthesized using various bisphenol compounds and 2,6‐dichlorobenzonitrile (DCBN). The resulting PEN random copolymers exhibited a high glass transition temperature and thermal stability up to 513°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. PEN copolymers were amorphous and could easily be cast into transparent films with a tensile strength of 97.93–117.88 MPa and tensile modulus of 2187.98–2558.44 MPa. Most importantly, elongation at break of these PEN copolymers was higher than 13%. PEN copolymer films had a dielectric constant of 3.77–3.89 at 1 kHz and extremely low dielectric loss (<0.02). At the same time, the breakdown strength of PEN was in the range of 137.92–198.19 kV/mm and energy storage density was in the range of 0.32–0.68 J/cm3. Excellent mechanical, thermal, and dielectric properties of PEN make it possible to use them as high‐temperature resistant dielectrics to act on high‐temperature resistant insulated cables.
“…The chemical structure of PEN random copolymer PEN (2,6‐ND/BP), PEN (2,7‐ND/BP), PEN (RS/BP) and PEN (HQ/BP) are studied by FTIR spectroscopy and the FTIR spectrum is shown in Figure 2. The absorption bands at 1574 and 1455 cm −1 represent the skeleton vibration of the benzene ring of PEN copolymer, and the band at 2228 cm −1 corresponds to the tensile vibration peak of the nitrile group (CN).The same characteristic absorption band of all PEN random copolymers at 1245 cm −1 corresponds to CO tensile vibration 24,25 . The characteristic absorption bands of PEN (2,6‐ND/BP) and PEN (2,7‐ND/BP) were different from those of other PENs at 957 and 888 cm −1 , which can be represented to skeletal vibration of the naphthalene group in 2,6‐ND‐units and 2,7‐ND‐units.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…The absorption bands at 1574 and 1455 cm −1 represent the skeleton vibration of the benzene ring of PEN copolymer, and the F I G U R E 1 Synthetic schematic of polyarylene ether nitriles (PEN) copolymers band at 2228 cm −1 corresponds to the tensile vibration peak of the nitrile group ( CN).The same characteristic absorption band of all PEN random copolymers at 1245 cm −1 corresponds to C O tensile vibration. 24,25 The characteristic absorption bands of PEN (2,6-ND/BP) and PEN (2,7-ND/BP) were different from those of other PENs at 957 and 888 cm −1 , which can be represented to skeletal vibration of the naphthalene group in 2,6-NDunits and 2,7-ND-units. Therefore, FTIR spectra displaying absorption peaks of the above characteristic groups indicate that structural units, such as 2,6-ND, HQ, BP, and 2,7-ND, have been successfully introduced into the polymer, that is, PEN with different structures have been successfully synthesized.…”
Polyarylene ether nitrile (PEN) based on biphenol exhibits a high glass transition temperature of 216°C, a high tensile strength of 110 MPa, and low elongation at break of approximately 4%. A series of PEN random copolymers with improved elongation at break were synthesized using various bisphenol compounds and 2,6‐dichlorobenzonitrile (DCBN). The resulting PEN random copolymers exhibited a high glass transition temperature and thermal stability up to 513°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. PEN copolymers were amorphous and could easily be cast into transparent films with a tensile strength of 97.93–117.88 MPa and tensile modulus of 2187.98–2558.44 MPa. Most importantly, elongation at break of these PEN copolymers was higher than 13%. PEN copolymer films had a dielectric constant of 3.77–3.89 at 1 kHz and extremely low dielectric loss (<0.02). At the same time, the breakdown strength of PEN was in the range of 137.92–198.19 kV/mm and energy storage density was in the range of 0.32–0.68 J/cm3. Excellent mechanical, thermal, and dielectric properties of PEN make it possible to use them as high‐temperature resistant dielectrics to act on high‐temperature resistant insulated cables.
“…A new peak at 1740 cm −1 appeared and was the isoindoline deformation rings. 30,31 It means that the linear structure has transformed into three-dimensional network structure successfully, 32 when cured 2 h and longer time after the single-stage curing program.Figure 6.The typical FTIR spectra of PEN-Ph films and HTR-PEN-Ph-S films in the single-stage curing program with different curing time.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A new peak at 1740 cm À1 appeared and was the isoindoline deformation rings. 30,31 It means that the linear structure has transformed into three-dimensional network structure successfully, 32 when cured 2 h and longer time after the single-stage curing program.…”
Section: Single-stage Curing Program For Htr-pen-ph-s Filmsmentioning
Searching for outstanding films with high temperature resistance has sparked fierce interests in the electronics industry. In this study, a novel high-temperature-resistance phthalonitrile end-capped polyarylene ether nitrile (HTR-PEN-Ph) film was fabricated via cross-linking reaction, applying two different curing programs as contrast. The fabricated HTR-PEN-Ph films were verified through FTIR, gel content test to be confirmed the cross-linking reaction. Then thermal results elucidated that PEN-Ph films treated with two-stage curing program possessed a superior glass transition temperature ( T g) in comparison with untreated one, increasing by 165–270°C. Besides, an evident increment of 5 wt.% decomposition temperature ( T 5%) was seen from the HTR-PEN-Ph film, which was 27–43°C higher than the untreated one. Furthermore, the HTR-PEN-Ph films exhibited notable dielectric stability over 300°C and mechanical properties after the two-stage curing program. Based on these satisfactory results, this study is of great potential to be applied in the field of industrial manufacture to fabricate a range of high-performance films.
“…In 1993, Jian et al 4 synthesized poly(phthalazinone ether ketone), PPEK. Scientists synthesized many other novel PAEKs, such as poly(ether nitriles) (PEN), 5 poly(phthalazinone ether ketone ketone) (PPEKK), poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone) (PPES) 6 and so on. These amorphous polymers usually have good solubility in organic solvents and reduced processing temperature and viscosity solution processing.…”
Meta-poly(phthalazinone ether ketone ketone) copolymers with 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyls (meta-PPBEKK) was synthesized with 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyls (BP), 1,3-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)benzene (meta-DFKK) and 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-diazaphthalene-1-one (DHPZ). The copolymers are high-temperature resistant and have good solubility in many solvents. With increasing molar ratio of BP to meta-DFKK from 0 to 0.2, the addition of BP improves number-average molecular masses, intrinsic viscosity, mechanical properties and fluidity of meta-PPBEKKs. When the molar ratio of BP to meta-DFKK is 0.2, the intrinsic viscosity reaches 1.14 dL g−1, the number-average molecular mass reaches 44700 g mol−1, the maximum thermal elongation ratio reaches 14 with strength of 127.1 MPa and Young’s modulus of 2.4 GPa. With increasing molar ratio of BP to meta-DFKK from 0 to 0.2, meta-PPBEKKs have improved comprehensive properties, and make sense in many fields.
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