2021
DOI: 10.2196/21242
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Improving the Understanding of the Immunopathogenesis of Lymphopenia as a Correlate of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Risk and Disease Progression in African Patients: Protocol for a Cross-sectional Study

Abstract: Background The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to impact health systems throughout the world with serious medical challenges being imposed on many African countries like Nigeria. Although emerging studies have identified lymphopenia as a driver of cytokine storm, disease progression, and poor outcomes in infected patients, its immunopathogenesis, as well as environmental and genetic determinants, remain unclear. Understanding the interplay of these determinants in the context of … Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…We recorded demographic and clinical data at ICU admission as sex, age, body max index, chronic renal failure, diabetes mellitus, COPD, ischemic heart disease, smoking, arterial hypertension, steroid agents, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), solid tumor, hematological tumor, ARDS [ 15 ], Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE)-II score [ 16 ] Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment [SOFA] score [ 17 ], and chest radiography findings. Also, we recorded laboratory data at ICU admission as lactic acid, creatinine, sodium, protein, glucose, creatine kinase, albumin, bilirubin, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, interleukin-6, ferritin, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell, lymphocytes, basophils, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, d -dimer, platelets, fibrinogen, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), international normalized ratio (INR), pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO 2 ), and fraction inspired of oxygen (FIO 2 ).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…We recorded demographic and clinical data at ICU admission as sex, age, body max index, chronic renal failure, diabetes mellitus, COPD, ischemic heart disease, smoking, arterial hypertension, steroid agents, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), solid tumor, hematological tumor, ARDS [ 15 ], Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE)-II score [ 16 ] Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment [SOFA] score [ 17 ], and chest radiography findings. Also, we recorded laboratory data at ICU admission as lactic acid, creatinine, sodium, protein, glucose, creatine kinase, albumin, bilirubin, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, interleukin-6, ferritin, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell, lymphocytes, basophils, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, d -dimer, platelets, fibrinogen, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), international normalized ratio (INR), pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO 2 ), and fraction inspired of oxygen (FIO 2 ).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Higher apoptosis of lymphocytes [ 11 , 12 ] and higher expression of Fas in lymphocytes [ 13 , 14 ] of COVID-19 patients than in control subjects have been found, and this is associated with lymphopenia of COVID-19 patients. In addition, higher blood concentrations of caspase-8 [ 15 ], caspase-3 [ 16 ], sFasL [ 16 ] and caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18 [ 17 ] in COVID-19 patients than in control subjects have been found. However, we have not found data about the association between apoptosis and mortality of COVID-19 patients.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…COVID‐19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), is highly contagious and has spread rapidly around the world, posing an unprecedented threat to global public health and economy and attracting widespread attention in the academic and social communities [205–208]. SARS‐CoV‐2 affects not only the respiratory system, but also the digestive system, nervous system, and cardiovascular system, so its clinical manifestations are characterized by a variety of symptoms, including fever, pneumonia, sepsis, respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and multiorgan injury [209, 210]. Statistically, approximately 80% of patients are commonly asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic and are classified as having mild or moderate COVID‐19.…”
Section: Applications Of Plasma Proteomics/peptidomics In Covid‐19 An...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is highly contagious and has spread rapidly around the world, posing an unprecedented threat to global public health and economy and attracting widespread attention in the academic and social communities [205][206][207][208]. SARS-CoV-2 affects not only the respiratory system, but also the digestive system, nervous system, and cardiovascular system, so its clinical manifestations are characterized by a variety of symptoms, including fever, pneumonia, sepsis, respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and multiorgan injury [209,210] Using a fully automated robotic liquid handler 96 samples can be processed within 4 h. A TFC-MS system allows multiplexed analysis of four samples within 10 min, enabling the processing of more than 500 samples per day [221]. However, this per se would not appear to be compatible with the 100,000 s of tests required per day in countries with major outbreaks.…”
Section: Covid-19mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Bioinformatics characterization of pathological host immune gene expression allowed for discoveries of novel biomarkers of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), in the HIV-infected population [19][20][21]. Additionally, severe illnesses that begin with uncontrolled overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines (the so-called "cytokine storm") have been discovered through transcriptomics in viral (e.g., SARS-CoV) infections and many bacterial infections [22][23][24][25].…”
Section: Rna-seq Profiling Of Host-pathogen Interactionsmentioning
confidence: 99%